# US 4,399,807 A · Method and apparatus for overtemperature control of solar water heating system

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- Number: US 4,399,807 A
- Document ID: US4399807A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/271,955
- Filed: 1981-06-09
- Granted: 1983-08-23
- Earliest claimed: 1981-06-09
- Assignees: Chevron Research Company
- Inventors: Bruce S. Buckley; Thomas A. R. Guldman
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4399807A

## CPC

- F24D 19/1057: {the system uses solar energy}
- F24S 40/60: Arrangements for draining the working fluid
- F24S 50/40: responsive to temperature
- F24S 90/10: using thermosiphonic circulation
- F24S 40/50: Preventing overheating or overpressure (by draining the working fluid F24S40/60)
- Y02B 10/20: Solar thermal
- Y02B 10/70: Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
- Y02E 10/40: Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- F24D: DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR (using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plants for heating purposes F01K17/02)
- F24S: SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS (for producing mechanical power from solar energy F03G6/00)
- Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

Automatic overtemperature control system for solar water heater panels is disclosed. In response to lack of liquid circulation through a solar panel, either through loss of liquid or failure to use water heated in the panel valve means are actuated at a preselectable temperature value to introduce cooling water into the circulation system which includes the solar panel. Such system assures the integrity of circulation through the solar panel and against panel degradation due to overheating. Cooling water is added directly to the panel or through an interconnected hot water storage tank. If desired, the system may be used for direct filling the solar panel or as a back-up to conventional float valve operated fill system. The automatic overtemperature control system is applicable either to thermosiphon or pressured circulation through the solar panel to maintain its temperature below a preselected value.

## Claims

### Claim 1

In a solar water heating system including a solar collector panel, a water storage tank, a normally closed water circulating conduit means interconnecting said panel and said tank and a one-way valve for controlling the flow of water between said solar collector panel and said water storage tank, an overtemperature control system which comprises temperature responsive means mounted on said solar collector panel to sense the temperature thereof, cold water supply means, valve means in said overtemperature control system operable by said temperature responsive means for introducing cold water from said cold water supply means into said overtemperature control system and conduit means for dumping over-heated water from said closed water circulating conduit means when the temperature of water in said solar collector panel exceeds a predetermined value; said solar collector panel, said water storage tank, said water circulating conduit means and said overtemperature control system are closely coupled and isolated from any hot water supply system to which heat is to be added.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

An overtemperature control system in accordance with claim 1 in which said overtemperature control system includes a material of relatively low thermal conductivity between said temperature responsive means and said valve means to prevent premature closure of said valve means during flow of cool water through said overtemperature control system.

### Claim 3

Apparatus for continuously maintaining the temperature of a closed solar water heating system below a predetermined temperature value which comprises:
means for sensing the temperature of said closed solar water heating system,
means responsive to said temperature sensing means for introducing a supply of cool water into said solar water heating system which includes, thermal expansion fluid means operable in response to said predetermined temperature value and pressure responsive valve means operable by said thermal expansion fluid means for controlling the flow of said cool water into said closed solar water heating system,
means for discharging hot water from said solar water heating system to permit said cool water to replenish said closed solar water heating system in an amount and to an extent required to reduce the temperature of said thermal expansion fluid means below said predetermined temperature value, and
said means responsive to said temperature sensing means being adapted, upon such reduction in the temperature of said closed solar water heating system below said predetermined temperature value, to terminate the flow of cool water into said closed solar water heating system,
whereby said closed solar water heating system may continuously maintain a temperature below said predetermined temperature value.