# US 4,398,921 A · Gasohol compositions

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- Number: US 4,398,921 A
- Document ID: US4398921A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/317,571
- Filed: 1981-11-02
- Granted: 1983-08-16
- Earliest claimed: 1981-11-02
- Assignees: Ethyl Corporation
- Inventors: Ellis B. Rifkin; Martin E. Gluckstein; Warren L. Perilstein
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4398921A

## CPC

- C10L 1/143: {mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds}
- C10L 1/023: {for spark ignition}
- C10L 1/1608: {Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene}
- C10L 1/1883: {polycarboxylic acid}
- C10L 1/1985: {polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters}
- C10L 1/238: obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds {(C10L1/221 takes precedence)}
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS

## Abstract

Liquid fuels for use in internal combustion engines comprising (i) a major fraction of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling range, (ii) a minor amount of ethanol and (iii) a detergent amount of (I) from about 20 to about 40 weight percent of the reaction product of: (A) one mole part of an alkylphenol having the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 1 to 2, and R.sub.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having an average molecular weight of from about 400 to 1500; (B) from 1-5 mole parts of an aldehyde having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1-6 carbon atoms; and (C) from 0.5-5 mole parts of an amine having at least one active hydrogen atom bonded to an amino nitrogen atom, and (II) from about 3.0 to about 6.0 weight percent of a demulsifying agent containing: (A) at least one oil-soluble polyether characterized by the presence within its structure of a group of the formula: (--O-A--).sub.x wherein A is an alkylene group containing from 2 to about 7 carbon atoms and where x has an average value of from about 5 to about 200; and (B) an oxyalkylated phenol formaldehyde resin of the formula: ##STR3## wherein A represents an alkylene group containing from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, where m has an average value of from about 4 to about 200, and where R is an alkyl group of from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and x is an integer greater than 1, (III) from about 40 to about 70 weight percent of a mononuclear or dinuclear aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, and (IV) from about 5.0 to about 15.0 weight percent of a corrosion inhibitor selected from a hydrocarbyl succinic acid or anhydride having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms (50% oil).

## Claims

### Claim 1

A liquid fuel for use in internal combustion engines comprising from about 70 to about 90 volume percent hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling range, from about 5 to about 30 volume percent ethanol and a detergent amount of an additive comprising:
(I) from about 20 to about 40 weight percent of the reaction product of:
(A) one mole part of an alkylphenol having the formula: ##STR21## wherein n is an integer from 1 to 2, and R.sub.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having an average molecular weight of from about 400 to 1500;
(B) from 1-5 mole parts of an aldehyde having the formula: ##STR22## wherein R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1-6 carbon atoms; and
(C) from 0.5-5 mole parts of an amine having at least one active hydrogen atom bonded to an amino nitrogen atom, and
(II) from about 3.0 to about 6.0 weight percent of a demulsifying agent containing:
(A) at least one oil-soluble polyether characterized by the presence within its structure of a group of the formula:
(--O--A--).sub.x
wherein A is an alkylene group containing from 2 to about 7 carbon atoms and where x has an average value of from about 5 to about 200; and
(B) an oxyalkylated phenol formaldehyde resin of the formula: ##STR23## wherein A represents an alkylene group containing from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, where m has an average value of from about 4 to about 200, and where R is an alkyl group of about from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and x is an integer greater than 1,
(III) from about 40 to about 70 weight percent of a mononuclear or dinuclear aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, and
(IV) from about 5.0 to about 15.0 weight percent of a corrosion inhibitor selected from a hydrocarbyl succinic acid or anhydride having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms (50% oil).

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The fuel of claim 1 wherein said ethanol is anhydrous or substantially anhydrous ethanol.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The fuel of claim 1 wherein said ethanol is hydrous ethanol.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The fuel of claim 3 wherein said ethanol contains up to about 25 volume percent water.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The fuel of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl succinic acid or anhydride is tetrapropenyl succinic acid or anhydride.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The fuel of claim 1 comprising from about 70 to about 90 volume percent gasoline, from about 5 to about 30 volume percent hydrous ethanol and about 1.0 to about 100 ppm of said detergent additive.