# US 4,398,738 A · Self-steering and retractable axle assembly > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,398,738 A - Document ID: US4398738A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/247,741 - Filed: 1981-03-26 - Granted: 1983-08-16 - Earliest claimed: 1981-03-26 - Inventors: Thomas I. McDaniel - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4398738A ## CPC - B60G 9/003: {the axle being rigidly connected to a trailing guiding device} - B60G 11/27: wherein the fluid is a gas - B62D 13/02: for centrally-pivoted axles - B62D 53/06: Semi-trailers - B60G 2200/21: Trailing arms connected by a torsional beam, i.e. twist-beam axles - B60G 2200/31: with two trailing arms rigidly connected to the axle - B60G 2206/0112: Bogies for heavy vehicles - B60G 2206/20: Constructional features of semi-rigid axles, e.g. twist beam type axles - B60G 2206/30: Constructional features of rigid axles - B60G 2300/04: Trailers - B60G 2300/40: Variable track or wheelbase vehicles - B60G: VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS (air-cushion vehicles B60V; {cycle suspensions B62K25/00}) - B62D: MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS (steering, or guiding on a desired track, of agricultural machines or implements A01B69/00; wheels, castors, axles, increasing wheel adhesion B60B; vehicle tyres, tyre inflation or tyre changing B60C; connections between vehicles of a train or the like B60D; vehicles for use on rail and road, amphibious or convertible vehicles B60F; suspension arrangements B60G; heating, cooling, ventilating or other air treating devices B60H; windows, windscreens, non-fixed roofs, doors or similar devices, protective coverings for vehicles not in use B60J; propulsion plant arrangements, auxiliary drives, transmissions, controls, instrumentation or dashboards B60K; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L; power supply for electrically-propelled vehicles B60M; passenger accommodation not otherwise provided for B60N; adaptations for load transportation or to carry special loads or objects B60P; arrangement of signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor, for vehicles in general B60Q; vehicles, vehicle fittings or vehicle parts not otherwise provided for B60R; servicing, cleaning, repairing, supporting, lifting, or manoeuvring, not otherwise provided for, B60S; brake arrangements, brake control systems or parts thereof B60T; air-cushion vehicles B60V; motor-cycles, accessories therefor B62J, B62K; testing of vehicles G01M) ## Abstract A semi-trailer construction including forward coupling structure for universal coupling and support from a towing vehicle, a rear portion from which wheeled running gear is supported and an intermediate portion dependingly supporting supplemental wheeled running gear is provided. The supplemental wheeled running gear includes a mounting plate supported beneath the semi-trailer frame for oscillation relative thereto about a vertical axis and horizontal shifting relative to the frame along a predetermined path extending through the axis of oscillation of the mounting plate relative to the frame. The mounting plate supports a transverse axle assembly therefrom having support wheels journaled thereon and the axle assembly is disposed generally normal to the aforementioned path. The mounting plate may be shifted along the path between first and second limit positions with a vertical plane containing the axis of rotation of the support wheels and disposed normal to the aforementioned path disposed on opposite sides of the axis of oscillation of the mounting plate relative to the trailer frame. Further, the axle assembly is supported from the mounting plate for guided vertical movement relative thereto and is yieldingly biased downwardly relative to the mounting plate and may be selectively upwardly retracted relative to the mounting plate. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In combination with a semi-trailer of the type including a front portion for universal coupling to and support from a towing vehicle and a rear portion having wheeled running gear supported therefrom, supplemental wheeled running gear supported from an intermediate portion of said trailer disposed between said front and and rear portions, said supplemental wheeled running gear including a downwardly facing bearing plate stationarily mounted on said intermediate portion, a mounting plate supported from said bearing plate beneath the latter for free oscillation relative thereto about an upstanding axis and shifting of said mounting plate relative to said bearing plate along a predetermined path generally normal to said axis between first and second limit positions, said mounting plate having wheeled running gear supported therefrom including opposite side wheels journaled about horizontal axes extending substantially normal to said path, said axis being disposed on opposite sides of a vertical plane containing said axes when said mounting plate is in said first and second limit positions, and means operably connected between said mounting plate and said bearing plate operative to selectively shift said mounting plate between said first and second limit positions. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The combination of claim 1 including suspension means suspending said wheeled running gear from said mounting plate for vertical shifting relative thereto between upper and lower limit positions, said suspension means including means operative to yieldingly downwardly displace said wheeled running gear relative to said mounting plate. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The combination of claim 2 including means operable to selective upwardly retract said wheeled running gear relative to said mounting plate against the downward biasing action of said suspension means. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The combination of claim 2 wherein said suspension means includes a pair of opposite side trailing arms having front and rear ends and the front ends thereof pivotally mounted from said mounting plate for oscillation about a horizontal transverse axis, said wheeled running gear further including a transverse axle assembly mounting from and extending between the longitudinal midportions of said trailing arms, said means operative to yieldingly downwardly displace said running gear relative to said mounting plate comprising air bags mounted between the rear ends of said trailing arms and said mounting plate. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The combination of claim 4 including means operable to selective upwardly retract said wheeled running gear relative to said mounting plate against the downward biasing action of said suspension means. ### Claim 6 In combination with a vehicle chassis including a front portion for universal coupling to a towing vehicle and a rear portion having wheeled running gear supported therefrom, a transverse supplemental axle assembly supported from said chassis intermediate said front and rear portions, said transverse axle assembly including opposite side wheels journaled therefrom for rotation about a horizontal transverse axis, a mounting plate, suspension means supporting said transverse axle assembly from said mounting plate for vertical shifting relative to said mounting plate, means downwardly biasing said transverse axle assembly relative to said mounting plate, and means mounting said mounting plate from said chassis for horizontal shifting along a path disposed at generally right angles relative to said axle assembly and oscillation of said mounting plate about an upstanding axis relative to said chassis and intersecting said path, said mounting plate being shiftable between limit positions with said upstanding axis placed to the rear and forward of an upstanding plane containing said axle assembly. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The combination of claim 6 including means operative to selectively upwardly retract said axle assembly relative to said chassis. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The combination of claim 6 wherein said suspension means includes a pair of opposite side trailing arms having front and rear ends with the front ends thereof pivotally mounted from said mounting plate for oscillation about a horizontal transverse axis, said transverse axle assembly being mounted from and extending between longitudinal mid-portions of said trailing arms, said means downwardly biasing said axle assembly relative to said mounting plate comprising air bags mounted between the rear ends of said trailing arm and said mounting plate. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The combination of claim 6 including reversable fluid motor means operatively connected between said chassis and said mounting plate for shifting said plate relative to said chassis along said path.