# US 4,398,396 A · Motor-driven, expander-compressor transducer

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- Number: US 4,398,396 A
- Document ID: US4398396A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/161,769
- Filed: 1980-06-23
- Granted: 1983-08-16
- Earliest claimed: 1970-07-29
- Inventors: Lawrence J. Schmerzler
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4398396A

## CPC

- F25B 27/00: Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy (F25B30/06 takes precedence)
- F25B 1/10: with multi-stage compression (with cascade operation F25B7/00)
- F02B 1/04: with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
- F25B 2400/14: Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant
- F25B: REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F02B: INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL (gas-turbine plants F02C; hot-gas or combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants F02G)

## Abstract

The expander-compressor transducer of this invention is for expanding refrigerant fluid from a high pressure source into a low pressure heat absorber while simultaneously precompressing the same fluid stream derived from the low pressure heat absorber. The device includes a body enclosing a chamber for confinement of refrigerant fluid; motor driven, a fluid-responsive piston arranged to oscillate in the chamber and dividing the chamber into an expansion chamber at one end and a compression chamber at the other end, a motor drive for oscillating the piston; a fluid control regulator for permitting flow of fluid into and out of the expansion chamber and into the compression chamber; and a check valve for permitting the refrigerant to flow out of the compression chamber whenever the pressure in the compression chamber overcomes the check valve. The device effectively provides oscillatory movement of the fluid responsive piston within the chamber, causing concurrently the refrigerant fluid stream to expand in the expansion chamber and to compress in the compression chamber, and producing a cooling effect.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An improved expander-compressor transducer for expanding refrigerant fluid from a high pressure source into a low pressure heat absorbing heat exchanger while simultaneously compressing the same fluid stream derived from the low pressure heat absorbing heat exchanger, said expander-compressor transducer having:
a body member enclosing a chamber for confinement of a refrigerant;
fluid responsive piston means arranged to oscillate in said chamber and dividing said chamber into an expansion chamber at one end and a compression chamber at the other end;
fluid control regulating means for permitting flow of refrigerant fluid into and out of said expansion chamber and into said compression chamber; and,
check valve means for permitting refrigerant flow out of said compression chamber whenever the pressure in said compression chamber is higher than the fluid pressure immediately downstream of said check valve means;
wherein said improvement is characterized by:
motive means for oscillating said piston means within said chamber and causing said gaseous fluid to expand in said expansion chamber and concurrently to compress in said compression chamber;
thereby producing simultaneously cooling and heating effects.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

An improved expander-compressor transducer as described in claim 1 wherein said refrigerant fluid is air and upon compression, is exhausted to atmosphere through said check valve means whenever the compression chamber pressure is greater than ambient pressure.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

An improved expander-compressor transducer as described in claim 2 wherein said expansion chamber is compartmented to receive a double-acting piston, thereby expanding air, which is drawn into a first end thereof while drawing air into a second end thereof, and then conversely drawing air into said first end thereof while expanding air, which is present in said second end thereof.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

An improvided expander-compressor transducer as described in claim 3 wherein said piston means in turn comprises a first fluid passageway and corresponding first port thereto, said port being in communication with first fluid passageway at the lower travel limit of said piston means and a second fluid passageway and corresponding second port thereto, said port being in communication with said second fluid passageway at the upper travel limit of said piston means.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

An improved expander-compressor transducer as described in claim 1 wherein said fluid control regulating means is connected to the outlet of a heat rejecting heat exchanger and said check valve means is connected to the inlet of a heat rejecting heat exchanger.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

An improved expander-compressor transducer as described in claim 5 wherein said expansion chamber is compartmented to receive a double-acting piston, thereby expanding refrigerant
which is drawn into a first end thereof while drawing refrigerant into a second end thereof, and then conversely drawing refrigerant into said first end thereof, while expanding refrigerant which is present in said second end thereof.

### Claim 7 (depends on 10)

An improved expander-compressor transducer as described in claim 10 wherein said piston means in turn comprises a first fluid passageway and corresponding first port thereto, said port being in communication with first fluid passageway at the lower travel limit of said piston means and a second fluid passageway and corresponding second port thereto, said port being in communication with said second fluid passageway at the upper travel limit of said piston means.