# US 4,397,096 A · Method of and apparatus for positioning the drive units of a plural drive escalator > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,397,096 A - Document ID: US4397096A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/292,974 - Filed: 1981-08-14 - Granted: 1983-08-09 - Earliest claimed: 1981-08-14 - Assignees: Westinghouse Electric Corp. - Inventors: Joseph K. Kraft; George A. Kappenhagen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4397096A ## CPC - B66B 23/024: {Chains therefor} - B66B 23/02: Driving gear - B66B 23/026: {with a drive or carrying sprocket wheel located at end portions} - B66B: ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS ({apparatus for raising or lowering persons on theatrical stages or the like A63J5/12} ; funicular railbound systems with rigid ground-supported tracks and cable traction, e.g. cliff railways, B61B9/00; arrangements of ammunition handlers in vessels B63G3/00; hoists, lifts, or conveyors for loading or unloading in general B65G; braking or detent devices controlling normal movements of winding drums or barrels B66D; ship-lifting devices E02C; garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for lifting vehicles E04H6/12; hoists for feeding ammunition or projectiles to launching apparatus or to loading mechanisms F41A9/00) ## Abstract A method of, and apparatus, for determining the direction of force in a moving escalator having a plurality of drive units coupled to an endless, articulated belt. The direction of force, and the duration of such force in a direction which indicates compression of the belt at each drive unit, is used to align and properly space the drive units for optimal load sharing. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A tool for optimally adjusting the locations of the drive units of a plural drive escalator, which drive units drive an endless, articulated belt constructed of rigid, toothed step links, pivotally interconnected via step axles, comprising: a support member, said support member including means for attaching said support member to a step link, with the ends of the step link being associated with first and second step axles, a first electrical contact carried by said support member, a second electrical contact, means pivotally related to said support member and responsive to the dimension between the first and second step axles for moving said second electrical contact towards engagement with said first electrical contact when said step link is placed in compression by a drive unit and said dimension is reduced, and indicating means for indicating when said first and second electrical contacts are engaged. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The tool of claim 1 wherein the means responsive to the dimension between two adjacent step axles includes means for multiplying a change in the dimension by a predetermined factor, such that for each unit of dimensional change between the adjacent step axles the second electrical contact is caused to move by an amount equal to the unit multiplied by the predetermined factor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The tool of claim 1 wherein the means responsive to the dimension between two adjacent step axles includes means for cancelling the effect of alignment changes between the step axles and step links. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The tool of claim 1 wherein the means responsive to the dimension between two adjacent step axles includes means for multiplying a change in the dimension by a predetermined factor, while ignoring like movements of adjacent step axles due to changes in the alignment between the step axles and step links. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The tool of claim 1 wherein the means responsive to the dimension between adjacent step axles includes first and second levers each having first and second leg portions, means pivotally mounting said first and second levers to the support member such that their first leg portions are in substantially parallel, spaced relation with the first and second step axles, respectively, and their second leg portions extend towards one another such that their ends are in spaced alignment, a contact carrier on which the second electrical contact is mounted, means pivotally interconnecting the ends of the second leg portions of the first and second levers via said contact carrier, means for biasing the contact carrier away from the support member, and means adjustably attached to the first leg portions of the first and second levers which contact the first and second step axles, respectively, to translate a change in the dimension between the first and second step axles into a greater movement of the contact carrier and of the second electrical contact, with the means attached to the first leg portions being adjusted such that the first and second electrical contacts are spaced apart when the associated step link is in tension, and engaged when it is in compression. ### Claim 6 A tool for optimally adjusting the locations of the drive units of a plural drive escalator, which drive units drive an endless, articulated belt constructed of rigid, toothed step links, pivotally interconnected via step axles, comprising: a support member, said support member including means for attaching said support member to a step link, with the ends of the step link being associated with first and second step axles, pivot means pivotally related to said support member and responsive to the dimension between the first and second step axles, actuatable means arranged for actuation by said pivot means when said step link is placed in compression by a drive unit and the dimension between the first and second step axles is reduced, and indicating means for indicating when said actuatable means has been actuated by said pivot means, and second electrical contacts are engaged. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The tool of claim 6 wherein the pivot means includes means for cancelling the effect of alignment changes between the step axles and step links. ### Claim 8 (depends on 5) The tool of claim 5 wherein the pivot means includes means for multiplying a change in the dimension between the first and second step axles by a predetermined factor, while ignoring like movements of the step axles due to changes in the alignment between the step axles and step links. ### Claim 9 (depends on 5) The tool of claim 5 wherein the means responsive to the dimension between adjacent step axles includes first and second levers each having first and second leg portions, means pivotally mounting said first and second levers to the support members such that their first leg portions are in substantially parallel, spaced relation with the first and second step axles, respectively, and their second leg portions extend towards one another such that their ends are in spaced alignment, carrier means, means pivotally interconnecting the ends of the second leg portions of the first and second levers via said carrier means, means for biasing said carrier means away from the support member, and means adjustably attached to the first leg portions of the first and second levers which contact the first and second step axles, respectively, to translate a change in the dimension between the first and second step axles into a greater movement of said carrier means, said carrier means being arranged to operate the actuatable means, with the means attached to the first leg portions being adjusted such that the actuatable means is unactuated when the associated step link is in tension, and actuated when it is in compression. ### Claim 10 A method of determining the optimal positions of a plurality of drive units of a plural drive escalator, which drive units drive an endless, articulated belt constructed of rigid, toothed step links, pivotally interconnected via step axles to which the escalator steps are attached, comprising the steps of: attaching indicating means to a step link, on one side of the articulated belt, with said indicating means being in a first condition when a step link is in compression, and in a second condition when it is not, operating the escalator in the up travel direction, riding the moving escalator adjacent to the indicating means, placing a first mark on a stationary portion of the escalator at each drive location below the uppermost drive unit, when the indicating means changes from the second condition to the first condition to indicate that the step link has been engaged by a drive unit and the step link has been placed in compression, placing a second mark on a stationary portion of the escalator when the indicating means changes back to the first condition, measuring the distance between the first and second marks at each drive unit, and using the measured distances to determine the optimal spacing of the drive units. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10 including the step of attaching the indicating means to a step link on the other side of the articulated belt, after the measuring step on the first side, and repeating the operating, riding, placing and measuring steps, with the using step determining the optimal position of each drive unit relative to each side of the endless belt, to align each drive unit as well as to optimally space the drive units. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10 wherein the indicating means indicates when a step link is in compression by being responsive to the spacing between the step axles at the ends of the associated step link, and including the step of measuring the change C in this spacing between tension and compression of a step link, and wherein the distance between the first and second marks associated with the first drive unit below the uppermost drive unit is dimension A, and wherein the using step determines the distance that the first drive unit below the uppermost drive should be moved according to the relationship: a=C(A/L-X) wherein L is the nominal distance between the centerlines of adjacent step axles, and X is the optimum number of step links which should be placed in compression at each drive unit. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12 wherein the distance between the first and second marks associated with the second drive unit below the uppermost drive unit is dimension B, and wherein the using step determines the distance b that this drive unit should be moved, according to the relationship: b=a+C(B/L-X). ### Claim 14 A method of indicating the direction of force in a moving escalator having a plurality of drive units coupled to an endless, articulated belt constructed of rigid, toothed step links pivotally interconnected via a plurality of step axles to which the escalator steps are attached, comprising the steps of: attaching indicating means to a step link of the endless belt which indicates when the step link is in compression, riding the escalator adjacent to the indicating means, and noting the operation of the indicating means.