# US 4,396,841 A · Device for scanning a beam of charged particles

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- Number: US 4,396,841 A
- Document ID: US4396841A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/276,375
- Filed: 1981-06-16
- Granted: 1983-08-02
- Earliest claimed: 1981-06-16
- Inventors: Gennady I. Razin; Dmitry S. Valtman
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4396841A

## CPC

- H01J 3/28: along one straight line or along two perpendicular straight lines
- H01J 33/00: Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel ({irradiation devices G21K} ; particle accelerators H05H); Lenard tubes
- H01J: ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS (spark-gaps H01T; electric arc lamps H05B31/00; particle accelerators H05H)

## Abstract

A device for scanning a beam of charged particles comprises longitudinal and cross-sectional scanning electromagnets (1,4) to deflect the beam, respectively, lengthwise and crosswise over the exit window (2), longitudinal and cross-sectional scanning current generators (5, 6) to energize the respective electromagnets (1, 4), and a variable delayer (7) connected between the longitudinal scanning current generator (5) and the synchronizing input of the cross-sectional scanning current generator (6) so that pulses arrive at the input of the variable delayer (7) at the moments when current in the windings of the electromagnet (1) reaches its peak. The variable delayer (7) provides N delay times different from each other by a value of .DELTA. t and set in succession as the pulses arrive at its input, the values N and .DELTA. t being determined from the following relationships: .DELTA.t.ltoreq.d/2f.sub.1 L; N.gtoreq.1/f.sub.2 .DELTA.t where d--diameter of the charged particle beam, f.sub.1 --frequency of the longitudinal scanning, f.sub.2 --frequency of the cross-sectional scanning, L--value of maximum deflection of the beam along the length of the exit window.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A device for scanning a beam of charged particles over the surface of an exit window of a vacuum chamber coupled with a charged particle accelerator, comprising longitudinal and cross-sectional scanning electromagnets to deflect the beam of charged particles along the length and width of the exit window, respectively, and longitudinal and cross-sectional scanning current generators to energize the respective electromagnets, characterized in that the device further comprises a variable delayer (7) whose output is connected with the synchronizing input of the cross-sectional scanning current generator (6) and whose input is connected with the longitudinal scanning current generator (5), so that pulses arrive at the input of the variable delayer (7) at the moments when the current in the windings of the longitudinal scanning electromagnet (1) reaches its peak, which variable delayer provides N delay times different from each other by a .DELTA.t value and set in succession as the pulses arrive at its input, the values N and .DELTA.t being determined from the following relationships:
.DELTA.t.ltoreq.d/2f.sub.1 L; N.gtoreq.1/f.sub.2 .DELTA.t
where
d--diameter of the charged particle beam,
f.sub.1 --frequency of the longitudinal scanning,
f.sub.2 --frequency of the cross-sectional scanning,
L--value of maximum deflection of the beam along the length of the exit window.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the input of the variable delayer (7) is connected to the output of a driver stage (9) of the longitudinal scanning current generator (5).

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

A device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a clock pulse shaper (11) connected between the output of the longitudinal scanning current generator (5) and the input of the variable delayer (7) to shape clock pulses at the moments when the current in the windings of the longitudinal scanning electromagnet reaches its peak.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1, 2, 3)

A device according to any one of claims 1 through 3, characterized in that the variable delayer (7) comprises a pulse counter (15) whose counting input is the input of the variable delayer (7), a decoder (16) connected to the outputs of the pulse counter (15), and fixed delay components (17) connected between the outputs of the decoder (16) and the output of the variable delayer (7).

### Claim 5 (depends on 1, 2, 3)

A device according to any one of claims 1 through 3, characterized in that the variable delayer (7) comprises a pulse counter (15) whose counting input is the input of the variable delayer (7), a decoder (16) connected to the outputs of the pulse counter (15), an integrator (23) whose input is connected through an OR gate (22) with the outputs of the decoder (16), and a comparator (24) whose input is connected with the output of the integrator (23) and whose output is the output of the variable delayer (7), Zener diodes (26) different from each other by stabilization voltage value being connected to the outputs of the decoder (16).