# US 4,396,580 A · Fluid-dynamic means for efficaceous use of ionizing beams in treating process flows

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- Number: US 4,396,580 A
- Document ID: US4396580A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/245,191
- Filed: 1981-03-18
- Granted: 1983-08-02
- Earliest claimed: 1981-03-18
- Assignees: Avco Everett Research Laboratory, Inc.
- Inventors: Richard M. Patrick; Charles C. Stewart
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4396580A

## CPC

- F15D 1/06: by influencing the boundary layer
- B01J 19/081: {employing particle radiation or gamma-radiation}
- F15D: FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS

## Abstract

In an apparatus for treatment of a process flow by beams of ionizing radiant energy, drag elements are provided for slowing flow velocity to achieve equal treatment of all portions of the process flow.

## Claims

### Claim 1

Apparatus for treatment of a process flow by beams of ionizing radiant energy, said apparatus comprising:
(a) a duct for conducting a process flow from upstream locations through a radiating region to downstream locations, said duct having first opposed walls, and second opposed walls joining said first opposed walls;
(b) opposed windows, impervious to said process flow but pervious to said ionizing radiant energy, located in said first opposed walls;
(c) ionizing radiation generating means for projecting beams of ionizing radiant energy through said windows into said duct, said beams exposing portions of process flow in said duct to differing amounts of said ionizing radiant energy defining contours of constant time-integrated exposure to said ionizing radiant energy, portions adjacent said second opposed walls being exposed to lesser amounts than other portions, said second opposed walls each substantially conforming to a contour of constant exposure to said ionizing radiant energy defining an exposure which is a predetermined small fraction of the maximum value of said exposure; and
(d) drag element means disposed adjacent said second opposed walls at a location upstream of said beams, said drag element means being arranged and adapted to produce turbulence only adjacent each of said second opposed walls effective to slow substantially only said portions of process flow adjacent each of said second opposed walls and exposed to said lesser amounts of radiation sufficiently that all portions of said process flow are substantially equally treated by said ionizing radiant energy.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said beams are spread beams having subtense, normal to said process flow, substantially greater than subtense parallel to said process flow.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said drag elements comprise bars projecting into said flow adjacent said second opposed walls.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said drag elements comprise mesh structures supported in said flow adjacent said second opposed walls.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said drag elements comprise protuberances, borne by said second opposed walls, and projecting into said process flow.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said ionizing radiant energy comprises high voltage electrons and said windows are pervious to said high voltage electrons.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said process flow is substantially gaseous.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

Apparatus according to claim 7 and further comprising temperature measuring means movably mounted upon a carrier so as to be movable over substantially the entire cross section of said duct at a location downstream of said beams.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said carrier comprises a shaft, rotatable and reciprocatable in bushings mounted in opposed walls of said duct, and a staff projecting at right angles from said shaft within said duct.