# US 4,396,432 A · Process for converting coal to gaseous fuel with production of Portland cement as a by-product

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- Number: US 4,396,432 A
- Document ID: US4396432A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/338,611
- Filed: 1982-01-11
- Granted: 1983-08-02
- Earliest claimed: 1982-01-11
- Assignees: University of Illinois Foundation
- Inventors: William Rostoker
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4396432A

## CPC

- C04B 7/24: Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B 7/02: Portland cement
- C10L 5/10: with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L 5/28: Heating the {shaped fuels, e.g.} briquettes; Coking the binders
- Y02P 40/10: Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
- C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

Continuous process for converting coal to gaseous fuel with production of Portland cement as a by-product comprises the step of pelletizing a mixture of finely divided coal and limestone, heating (coking) the pellets in a reducing gas atmosphere to liberate volatile fuel products, and converting a substantial proportion of the residual carbon in the pellets to CO and hydrogen by the water-gas reaction, the inorganic constituents of the coal being simultaneously converted to Portland cement clinkers.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A continuous process for converting coal to Portland cement and liquid and gaseous fuels comprising the steps of
(a) mixing finely divided coal with sufficient finely divided limestone to provide in the mixture an appropriate ratio of Portland cement-forming constituents, measured as CaO, SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3,
(b) forming the mixture from step (a) into discrete pellets,
(c) heating said pellets in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature sufficient to release the volatile constituents of said coal as a fuel product stream,
(d) converting a major proportion of the carbon content of the residual pellets from step (c) to carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reaction with steam at an elevated temperature,
(e) reacting the residual solid product from step (d) with a limited proportion of oxygen to convert the remaining carbon content thereof to CO, the heat evolved being sufficient to achieve Portland cement-forming temperatures, and maintaining said temperature for a time sufficient to form Portland cement clinkers;
(f) recovering the gases produced in steps (d) and (e); and
(g) grinding said clinkers to produce Portland cement powder.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 wherein the gases produced in steps (d) and (e) are fed to step (c) as said reducing atmosphere.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The process of claim 2 wherein said coal and said limestone have a particle size less than about 150 microns.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The process of claim 3 wherein said said pellets are formed with Portland cement as a binder.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 wherein metallic iron present in said clinkers is separated therefrom prior to step (g).