# US 4,395,642 A · Sine-shaping circuit

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- Number: US 4,395,642 A
- Document ID: US4395642A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/215,296
- Filed: 1980-12-11
- Granted: 1983-07-26
- Earliest claimed: 1979-11-08
- Assignees: Hewlett-Packard Company
- Inventors: Stefan Traub
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4395642A

## CPC

- H03B 28/00: Generation of oscillations by methods not covered by groups H03B5/00 - H03B27/00, including modification of the waveform to produce sinusoidal oscillations (analogue function generators for performing computing operations G06G7/26; use of transformers for conversion of waveform in AC-AC converters H02M5/18)
- H03B: GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS (generators adapted for electrophonic musical instruments G10H; masers or lasers H01S; generation of oscillations in plasma H05H)

## Abstract

A circuit for converting a triangular waveform into a sinusoidal waveform using the non-linear transfer characteristic of a first transistor differential amplifier. Second and third differential amplifiers are parallel-connected to said first differential amplifier with the slopes of their transfer characteristics in opposite sense thereto and having their operating points shifted on their transfer characteristics in opposite directions with regard to each other and symmetrically to the operation point of said first differential amplifier so that the resulting overall transfer characteristic of said first, second and third differential amplifiers has zero slope at the extremal amplitudes of said triangular waveform.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A circuit for converting a triangular waveform into a sinusoidal waveform comprising:
a first transistor differential amplifier having a first non-linear transfer characteristic with a first slope;
input means for supplying said first differential amplifier with a triangular input signal symmetrical to the operating point of said first differential amplifier said operating point being located in the center of said first non-linear characteristic;
output means for deriving an approximately sinusoidal signal from said first differential amplifier; and
second and third transistor differential amplifiers parallel-connected to said first differential amplifier, said second and third differential amplifiers having second and third non-linear characteristics with second and third slopes opposite to said first slope and having their operating points shifted on said second and third characteristics in opposite directions with regard to each other and symmetrically to the operation point of said first differential amplifier, the resulting overall characteristic of said first, second and third differential amplifiers having zero slope at the extremal amplitudes of said triangular input signal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A circuit as in claim 1, wherein said second and third differential amplifiers each are connected with the base of one of their two transistors to the bases of different ones of the two transistors of said first differential amplifier and are connected with the bases of their respective second transistors to a common current source.

### Claim 3

A circuit for converting a triangular waveform into a sinusoidal waveform comprising:
a first transistor differential amplifier having a first non-linear transfer characteristic with a first slope;
input multiplier for supplying said first differential amplifier with a triangular input signal symmetrical to the operating point of said first differential amplifier said operating point being located in the center of said first non-linear characteristic;
output multiplier for deriving an approximately sinusoidal signal from said first differential amplifier;
second and third transistor differential amplifiers parallel-connected to said first differential amplifier, said second and third differential amplifiers having second and third non-linear characteristics with second and third slopes opposite to said first slope and having their operating points shifted on said second and third characteristics in opposite directions with regard to each other and symmetrically to the operation point of said first differential amplifier, the resulting overall characteristic of said first, second and third differential amplifiers having zero slope at the extremal amplitudes of said triangular input signal;
said second and third differential amplifiers each having the base of one of their two transistors connected to the bases of different ones of the two transistors of said first differential amplifier and having the bases of their respective second transistors connected to a common current source; and
said input multiplier and said first, second and third differential amplifiers being supplied with a current proportional to the absolute temperature and said output multiplier being supplied with a constant current.