# US 4,395,357 A · Calcium silicate granules forming a microporous structure > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,395,357 A - Document ID: US4395357A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/273,224 - Filed: 1981-06-12 - Granted: 1983-07-26 - Earliest claimed: 1979-01-19 - Assignees: Mars, Incorporated - Inventors: Walter Kramer; Rainer Follmann - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4395357A ## CPC - B01D 53/02: by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography {(solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01)} - A01K 1/0152: {Litter} - A01K 1/0154: {comprising inorganic material} - B01D 53/28: Selection of materials for use as drying agents - B01J 20/10: comprising silica or silicate - C01B 33/24: Alkaline-earth metal silicates - Y10S 210/925: using chemical agent - B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28) - A01K: ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C} - Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS ## Abstract The invention deals with calcium silicate granulates or powders with a microporous structure, which are obtained, by reacting crystalline or, if required, amorphous silicon dioxide, or materials containing the same, with calcium oxide or materials containing the same, in a CaO to SiO.sub.2 molar ratio of 0.8:1 to 1:1:1, by homogenizing the same in water together with a suitable additive and molding, autoclave setting, comminuting, drying, and grading with the further proviso that the homogenization during the reaction is carried through by dispersion of the starting materials in water by adding an anion-active surfactant, which had previously been converted in water into a microporous stable foam, obtained as absorbents and adsorbents for liquids, vapors and gases, as well as calcium silicate granulates of this type with further developing additives, which in the use for absorption of hydrophilic liquids are fatty amines, whereas in the use of the absorbent for oleophilic liquids and gases polyamide waxes, fatty amine salts or saponification resistant alkoxy silanes may be used. ## Claims ### Claim 1 Calcium silicate granules with a fatty amine addition produced by a process comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing crystalline and optionally amorphous silicon dioxide or a material containing the same, calcium oxide or a material containing the same, and fatty amine in water, and mixing with a microporous stable foam produced from an anionic surface active substance and water, wherein the molar ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide is 0.8:1 to 1.1:1, (b) shaping the foam mixture prepared in step (a), (c) autoclave hardening, (d) comminuting, (e) drying, and (f) grading and recovering particle sizes. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) Calcium silicate granules according to claim 1, wherein 0.05 to 0.5 weight % of said fatty amine, based on the solid mixture quantity used and calculated as dry weight, are added. ### Claim 3 Calcium silicate granules having a polyamide wax addition, produced by a process comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing crystalline and optionally amorphous silicon dioxide, or a material containing the same, and calcium oxide, or a material containing the same, the molar ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide being 0.1:1 to 1.1:1 and a polyamide wax, and mixing with a microporous, stable foam produced in water by means of an anionic, surface-active substance, accompanied by the formation of a foam, (b) shaping the foam mixture prepared in step (a), (c) autoclave hardening, (d) comminuting, (e) drying, and (f) grading into particles. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) Calcium silicate granules having a polyamide wax addition, as described in claim 3, wherein 3 to 7% by weight of said polyamide wax are used, based on the solid mixture quantity used and calculated as dry weight. ### Claim 5 Calcium silicate granules having a fatty amine addition of 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of fatty amine, based on the solid mixture quantity used and calculated as dry weight, produced by the steps comprising: (a) dispersing crystalline and optionally amorphous silicon dioxide, or a material containing the same, and calcium oxide, or a material containing the same, the molar ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide being 0.8:1 to 1.1:1, and fatty amine, and mixing with a microporous, stable foam produced in water by means of an anionic, surface-active substance, accompanied by the formation of a foam comprising calcium silicate, (b) shaping the foam mixture prepared in step (a), (c) autoclave hardening, (d) comminuting, (e) drying, and (f) grading into particles. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) Calcium silicate granules, according to claim 5, wherein 0.05 to 0.3 weight % of fatty amines are added, based on the solid mixture quantity used and calculated as dry weight. ### Claim 7 Calcium silicate granules having a fatty amine salt addition, produced by the steps comprising: (a) dispersing crystalline and optionally amorphous silicon dioxide, or a material containing the same, and calcium oxide, or a material containing the same, the molar ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide being 0.8:1 to 1.1:1, and fatty amine salt, mixing in a microporous, stable foam produced in water by means of an anionic, surface-active substance, accompanied by the formation of a foam comprising calcium silicate, (b) shaping the foam mixture prepared in step (a), (c) autoclave hardening, (d) comminuting, (e) drying, and (f) grading into particles. ### Claim 8 Calcium silicate granules having a saponification-resistant alkoxy silane addition, produced by the steps comprising: (a) dispersing crystalline and optionally amorphous silicon dioxide or a material containing the same, and calcium oxide, or a material containing the same, the molar ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide being 0.8:1 to 1.1.:1 and mixing with a microporous, stable foam produced in water by means of an anionic, surface-active substance, accompanied by the formation of a foam, (b) shaping the foam mixture prepared in step (a), (c) autoclave hardening, (d) drying, (e) adding saponification-resistant alkoxy silane selected from the group consisting of alkyl alkoxy silanes, whose branched or straight chain alkyl radicals has 1 to 6 carbon atoms and whose branched or straight chain alkoxy radicals have 1 to 3 carbon atoms and phenyl alkoxy silanes, whose alkoxy radical has 1 to 3 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, (f) classifying. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) Calcium silicate granules having a saponification-resistance alkoxy silane addition, according to claim 8, wherein the alkoxy silanes are added in a quantity of at least 0.5% by weight, based on the solid mixture quantity used and calculated as dry weight.