# US 4,395,324 A · Thermal cracking with hydrogen donor diluent > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,395,324 A - Document ID: US4395324A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/317,036 - Filed: 1981-11-02 - Granted: 1983-07-26 - Earliest claimed: 1981-11-02 - Assignees: Mobil Oil Corporation - Inventors: Francis J. Derbyshire; Philip Varghese; Darrell D. Whitehurst - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4395324A ## CPC - C10G 45/46: characterised by the catalyst used - C10G 47/34: Organic compounds, e.g. hydrogenated hydrocarbons - C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES ## Abstract An improved hydrogen donor for hydrogen donor diluent cracking is provided by extraction with naphtha from the cracked product and hydrogenation by hydrogen transfer from a lower boiling hydrogen donor such as tetralin. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a process for hydrogen donor diluent cracking of heavy hydrocarbon charge stock by mixing said charge stock with a hydrogen donor stream containing hydrogenated condensed ring aromatic compounds and reacting the mixture at thermal cracking conditions under hydrogen pressure, the improvement which comprises separating from the product of said hydrogen donor diluent cracking a fraction boiling above about 600.degree. F., separating a heavy aromatic portion from said fraction by extraction with a hydrocarbon naphtha containing 10 to 50 percent by weight of aromatic compounds, hydrogenating said heavy aromatic portion by reacting the same with lower boiling hydrogenated condensed ring aromatic compounds under hydrogen transfer conditions, separating said lower boiling condensed ring aromatic compounds from the hydrogenated heavy aromatic portion resulting from the reaction to generate hydrogen donors from condensed ring aromatic compounds therein, and recycling the hydrogenated heavy aromatic portion to provide said hydrogen donor stream. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A process according to claim 1 wherein the fraction so separated from the cracking product boils above about 700.degree. F. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A process according to claim 1 wherein said naphtha is a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling between about 85.degree. F. and about 430.degree. F. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A process according to claim 1 wherein said lower boiling condensed ring aromatic compounds have boiling points below about 600.degree. F. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A process according to claim 1 wherein said lower boiling condensed ring aromatic compounds are naphthalene and alkyl naphthalenes. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A process according to claim 1 wherein hydrogenation of heavy aromatic fraction is conducted by contacting said heavy aromatic fraction and hydrogen with a hydrogenation catalyst. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) A process according to claim 6 wherein said catalyst comprises manganese nodules. ### Claim 8 An improved hydrogen donor diluent cracking process for hydro-treating heavy hydrocarbon charge stock comprising the steps of (a) contacting the hydrocarbon charge stock in the substantial absence of cracking catalyst with a hydrogen donor containing hydrogenated condensed ring aromatic compounds under hydrogen pressure and thermal cracking conditions at a temperature of about 650.degree. F. to 900.degree. F.; (b) distilling the cracking product of step (a) to separate a fraction boiling above about 600.degree. F.; (c) extracting from said fraction a heavy aromatic portion by contacting said fraction with liquid hydrocarbon naphtha containing about 10 percent to 50 percent by weight of aromatic compounds, wherein said naphtha comprises a mixture of hydrocarbon boiling between about 85.degree. F. and 430.degree. F.; (d) reacting extracted heavy aromatic portion from step (c) with at least one lower boiling hydrogenated condensed ring aromatic compound under hydrogen transfer conditions; (e) separating hydrogenated heavy aromatic portion from the reaction product of step (d); and (f) recycling hydrogenated heavy aromatic portion from separation step (e) to cracking step (a). ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The process of claim 8 wherein the heavy aromatic portion in step (d) is reacted with tetralin. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The process of claim 8 wherein the extracted heavy aromatic portion from step (c) is stripped of naphtha solvent to provide a polycyclic aromatic portion containing pyrene. ### Claim 11 In the process for hydrogen donor diluent cracking of heavy hydrocarbons wherein a hydrogen donor stream is reacted with hydrocarbon charge under thermal cracking conditions with hydrogen pressure; the improvement which comprises reacting a heavy polycyclic aromatic stream with a lower boiling hydrogenated condensed ring aromatic stream under hydrogen transfer conditions; fractionating said lower boiling stream from the hydrogenated heavy aromatic stream; and introducing said hydrogenated heavy aromatic stream as a hydrogen donor stream to the hydrocarbon charge. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The process of claim 11 wherein the heavy aromatic stream includes pyrene, fluorancororene, anthracene, benzanthracene, dibenzanthracene, perylene, coronene, lower alkyl analogs of said heavy aromatic compounds, or benzoquinolines. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The process of claim 12 wherein the lower boiling stream includes tetralin or alkyl tetralins.