# US 4,395,235 A · Four pivot linkage to simulate head/neck kinematics

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- Number: US 4,395,235 A
- Document ID: US4395235A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/344,916
- Filed: 1982-02-02
- Granted: 1983-07-26
- Earliest claimed: 1982-02-02
- Assignees: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
- Inventors: Edward B. Becker
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4395235A

## CPC

- G09B 23/32: with moving parts
- G09B: EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS (devices for psychotechnics or for testing reaction times A61B5/16; games, sports, amusements A63; projectors, projector screens G03B)

## Abstract

A four pivot linkage to simulate head/neck kinematics. The linkage has a ch-roll link which rotates about a first pivot fixed in an upper body and which secures the lower end of a neck link in a second pivot. The upper end of the neck link is secured in a third pivot fixed in a yaw-pitch link which in turn articulates about a fourth pivot fixed in a head.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus for simulating head/neck kinematics comprising:
a roll-pitch link having means for pivotable attachment to the torso of an anthropomorphic dummy;
a yaw-pitch link having means for pivotable attachment to the head of said anthropomorphic dummy; and;
a neck link having an arcuate form, the upper end of said neck link being pivotally connected to said yaw-pitch link and the lower end of said neck link being pivotally connected to said roll-pitch link such than when said apparatus is attached to said anthropomorphic dummy a four pivot linkage is formed between the torso and the head.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

An apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein the pivot axes of the upper and lower ends of said neck link are orthogonal.