# US 4,395,132 A · Stirring gear with internal heating > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,395,132 A - Document ID: US4395132A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/220,920 - Filed: 1980-12-29 - Granted: 1983-07-26 - Earliest claimed: 1979-12-28 - Assignees: Constructie Werkhuizen Vandekerckhove N.V. - Inventors: Achiel Wyffels - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4395132A ## CPC - F28F 5/04: Hollow impellers, e.g. stirring vane - B01D 3/08: in rotating vessels; Atomisation on rotating discs ({B01D1/222} , B01D3/10 take precedence) - B01D 5/0024: {Rotating vessels or vessels containing movable parts} - B01D 9/0013: {by indirect heat exchange} - B01D 9/0031: {by heating (B01D9/0022, B01D9/0027 take precedence)} - B01D 9/005: {Selection of auxiliary, e.g. for control of crystallisation nuclei, of crystal growth, of adherence to walls; Arrangements for introduction thereof} - B01F 27/73: with rotary discs - B01F 35/95: using heated or cooled stirrers - B01J 19/18: Stationary reactors having moving elements inside (B01J19/08, B01J19/26 take precedence) - F26B 3/24: the movement being rotation - F26B 17/20: the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined - F26B 25/04: Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices {(arrangement of doctor blades F26B17/286)} - F28D 11/02: the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller (F28D11/08 takes precedence) - B01F 27/115: comprising discs or disc-like elements essentially perpendicular to the stirrer shaft axis - B01J 2219/00076: with heat exchange elements inside the reactor - B01J 2219/00094: Jackets - B01J 2219/00132: using electric heating or cooling elements - B01J 2219/182: horizontal - F28F: DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (water and air traps, air venting F16) - B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28) - B01F: MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING (mixing paints B44D3/06) - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - F26B: DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM (drying devices for combines A01D41/133; racks for drying fruit or vegetables A01F25/12; drying foodstuffs A23; drying hair A45D20/00; body-drying implements A47K10/00; drying household articles A47L; drying gases or vapours B01D; chemical or physical processes for dewatering or like separating liquids from solids B01D43/00; centrifugal apparatus B04; drying ceramics C04B33/30; drying yarns or fabrics in association with some other form of treatment D06C; drying frames for laundry without heating or positive air circulation, domestic laundry-or spin-driers, wringing or hot pressing laundry D06F; furnaces, kilns, ovens F27) - F28D: HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT (fluid heaters having heat generating means and heat transferring means F24H; furnaces F27; details of heat-exchange apparatus of general) ## Abstract A stirring gear adapted for internal heating comprising a central tubular shaft for the supply of a heat exchange medium and stirring paddles mounted perpendicularly to the shaft and provided with hollow interspaces through which the heat exchange medium may pass, the stirring paddle comprising a solid plate having a system of small cross section ducts extending parallel to the plate surfaces and communicating with the hollow interior of the central tubular shaft. ## Claims ### Claim 1 Stirring gear with internal heating comprising a central tubular shaft for the supply of the heat exchange medium and stirring paddles mounted perpendicular to said shaft and provided with hollow inner spaces for the access of the heat exchange medium, wherein a stirring paddle comprises a solid plate with a hollow inner space therein and said space further comprising a system of interconnecting ducts, wherein a number of said ducts extend substantially radially of said shaft and a number of said ducts extend substantially transversely of said shaft, wherein said transversely extending ducts define at least one radial array of ducts, wherein adjacent said radial ducts are interconnected by said radial array. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) Stirring gear according to claim 1, wherein said stirring paddles are sector-shaped. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2, wherein intermediate spaces are provided between successive sectoral plates. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2, characterized in that a member of successive partial sectors contact each other to form a complete stirring disc. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2, characterized in that a number of ducts, more specifically the duct (17), near the central tubular shaft, communicate with radial tubular segments (18) extending inside the hollow shaft. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) Stirring gear according to claim 5, wherein said radial ducts extend sufficiently far into said tubular shaft as to always be extended beyond any condensation contained in said central tubular shaft. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4) Stirring gear according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 characterized in that the largest cross-dimension (24) of the ducts perpendicular to the surfaces of the stirring paddle is at most 80% of the stirring paddle thickness, wherein said paddle thickness is measured between the co-planar radial sectors of a paddle. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) Stirring gear according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 characterized in that the spacing between each pair of adjacent transverse ducts is at most equal to twice the stirring paddle thickness. ### Claim 9 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2 characterized in that the axial (tubular shaft direction) distance between successive sectors with the same orientation is at least equal to twice the stirring paddle thickness. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2 characterized in that the axial (tubular shaft direction) distance between two successive sectors with unequal orientation is between one-fourth and one-half of the distance between successive sectors with the same orientation. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) Stirring gear according to claim 10 characterized in that a number of the stirring paddles are connected to each other by means of oblique connection plates (11, 12). ### Claim 12 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2 characterized in that alternating stirring discs (33) and a number of sectoral stirring paddles are mounted on the tubular shaft. ### Claim 13 (depends on 2) Stirring vessel according to claim 2, wherein a radial duct is provided at least along each radial edge of said sector-shaped paddle. ### Claim 14 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2, wherein said transversely oritented ducts are of shortest length nearest to said central tubular shaft and become progressively longer as their distance from said central tubular shaft is increased. ### Claim 15 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2, wherein said transversely oriented ducts are concentric about said central tubular shaft longitudinal center. ### Claim 16 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2, wherein radial ducts extend parallel to said plate surface along the outer edge of said stirring paddle. ### Claim 17 (depends on 2) Stirring gear according to claim 2, wherein said transverse ducts communicate with each other through an additional radial duct, said additional radial duct located approximately along the mid-line of said first transverse ducts, and hence through said radial ducts. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) Stirring gear for continuously operating stirring vessel according to claim 1 characterized in that the central tubular shaft comprises at least two separate longitudinal sections, each of said longitudinal sections capable of being supplied with heating means at a different temperature. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) Stirring vessel according to claim 18 characterized in that it is divided by means of stirring discs (33) into successive axial stirring chambers (32).