# US 4,394,916 A · Child-resistant closure assembly

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- Number: US 4,394,916 A
- Document ID: US4394916A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/362,584
- Filed: 1982-03-29
- Granted: 1983-07-26
- Earliest claimed: 1982-03-29
- Assignees: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
- Inventors: Ned J. Smalley
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4394916A

## CPC

- B65D 50/041: {the closure comprising nested inner and outer caps or an inner cap and an outer coaxial annular member, which can be brought into engagement to enable removal by rotation}
- B65D: CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES

## Abstract

A child-resistant closure assembly is disclosed which includes inner and outer cap members in a nested configuration. Leaf spring and ratchet elements are respectively provided on the cap members whereby torque can normally be transmitted from the outer cap member to the inner cap member only in the closure tightening direction. For transmission of torque in the closure removal direction, drive lugs on the inner cap member are engageable in non-concentric apertures formed in the panel of the outer cap member. The drive lugs and apertures are normally maintained axially out of engagement by the leaf springs formed on one of the cap members. When the leaf springs and ratchet elements are transmitting closure tightening torque, the non-concentric apertures are angularly displaced relative to the drive lugs. The apertures may be visually aligned with the driving lugs by reverse rotation of the outer cap and then the outer cap is axially shifted to engage the driving lugs in the apertures for removal of the closure assembly.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A safety closure assembly for a threaded container neck comprising:
an inner cap member including a top panel and a depending annular skirt, said inner cap skirt having threads formed thereon for engaging the threaded container neck, said inner cap panel having at least one upstanding, non-concentric driving lug formed on the upper surface thereof;
an outer cap member including a top panel and a depending annular skirt, said outer cap member loosely encompassing said inner cap member and permitting relative rotational movement therebetween, and means for retaining said inner cap member within said outer cap member but permitting limited relative axial movements of said inner and outer cap members;
said outer cap panel having a non-concentric aperture formed therein, said driving lug of said inner cap member being axially insertable in said aperture for transmission of torque between said cap members when said cap members are in a first relative axial position;
ratchet lug means on one of said inner cap and outer cap panels;
cooperating leaf spring members on the other of said inner cap and outer cap panels normally biasing said inner and outer cap members to a second relative axial position in which said non-concentric aperture and driving lug are out of engagement, said leaf springs being arranged to drivingly engage said ratchet lugs when said outer cap member is rotated in a closure tightening direction and to cam past said ratchet lugs when said outer cap member is rotated in a closure removal direction; and
said non-concentric aperture being angularly misaligned with said upstanding drive lug when said leaf spring members are drivingly engaging said ratchet lugs.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The closure assembly defined in claim 1 wherein said non-concentric aperture and driving lug each define the shape of a cogwheel.

### Claim 3

A safety closure assembly for a threaded container neck comprising:
an inner cap member including a top panel and a depending annular skirt, said inner cap skirt having threads formed thereon for engaging the threaded container neck, said inner cap panel having a plurality of peripherally spaced upstanding driving lugs formed on the upper surface thereof;
an outer cap member including a top panel and a depending annular skirt, said outer cap member loosely encompassing said inner cap member and permitting relative rotational movement therebetween, and means for retaining said inner cap member within said outer cap member but permitting relative axial movements of said inner and outer cap members;
said outer cap panel having a plurality of apertures formed therein to permit the insertion of said driving lugs in said apertures for transmission of torque between said cap members when said cap members are in a first relative axial position;
ratchet lug means on one of said inner cap and outer cap panels;
cooperating leaf spring members on the other of said inner cap and outer cap panels normally biasing said inner and outer cap members to a second relative axial position in which said non-concentric apertures and driving lugs are out of engagement, said leaf springs being arranged to drivingly engage said ratchet lugs when said outer cap member is rotated in a closure tightening direction and to cam past said ratchet lugs when said outer cap member is rotated in a closure removal direction; and
said outer cap member apertures being angularly misaligned with said upstanding driving lugs on said inner cap member when said leaf spring members are drivingly engaging said ratchet lugs.

### Claim 4

A safety closure assembly for a threaded container neck comprising:
an inner cap member incuding a top panel and a depending annular skirt, said inner cap skirt having threads formed thereon for engaging the threaded container neck, said inner cap panel having at least one upstanding, non-concentric driving lug formed on the upper surface thereof;
an outer cap member including a top panel and a depending annular skirt, said outer cap member loosely encompassing said inner cap member and permitting relative rotational movement therebetween, and means for retaining said inner cap member within said outer cap member but permitting limited relative axial movements of said inner and outer cap members;
a plurality of peripherally spaced, upstanding ratchet lugs on said inner cap panel;
a plurality of depending integral leaf spring elements on the bottom surface of said outer cap member normally biasing said inner and outer cap members to a second relative axial position in which said non-concentric aperture and driving lug are out of engagement, said leaf springs being arranged to drivingly engage said ratchet lugs when said outer cap member is rotated in a closure tightening direction and to cam past said ratchet lugs when said outer cap member is rotated in a closure removal direction; and
said non-concentric aperture being angularly misaligned with said upstanding drive lug when said leaf spring members are drivingly engaging said ratchet lugs.