# US 4,394,577 A · Displacement measurement device and method > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,394,577 A - Document ID: US4394577A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/277,441 - Filed: 1981-06-25 - Granted: 1983-07-19 - Earliest claimed: 1981-06-25 - Assignees: Conoco Inc. - Inventors: Marvin L. Peterson; Norman W. Hein, Jr.; Donald H. Oertle - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4394577A ## CPC - G01B 11/02: for measuring length, width or thickness (G01B11/08 takes precedence) - G01B: MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS ## Abstract At least two types of reflective or emissive materials are applied in alternating manner to a pile or other object to be moved. Ultraviolet energy is emitted toward the materials and reflections or emissions therefrom are received by appropriate detector elements which convert the different respective reflected or emitted energy spectra into corresponding electrical signals for use by a processor device to determine the distance and rate which the pile or object is being moved. The calculated information is channeled to a suitable display and a permanent recording device. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object, comprising: multi-frequency energy source means for providing an output having frequencies within a predetermined spectrum of at least two frequencies; detector means for detecting when the output at a first one of said two frequencies has reached the object at a predetermined location thereon and for detecting when the output at a second one of said two frequencies has reached the object at a second predetermined location thereon and at a time later than that time at which the output at said first frequency reached the object; and means, responsive to said detector means, for monitoring the alternate detection of the outputs at said first and second frequencies reaching the object and for deriving the displacement of the object therefrom. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 1, wherein said multi-frequency energy source means includes means for emitting ultraviolet energy. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object, as defined in claim 2, further comprising: first frequency responsive means having first reflector means, associated with the object, for reflecting a first portion of said ultraviolet energy; and second frequency responsive means having second reflector means, associated with the object and spaced from said first reflector means, for reflecting a second portion of said ultraviolet energy. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 3, wherein said means for monitoring the alternate detection of the outputs at said first and second frequencies and for driving the displacement therefrom includes: signal processor means for determining when said detector means detects the output at said first frequency that has reached the object and for then determining when said detector means detects the output at said second frequency that has reached the object before again determining when said detector means detects the output at said first frequency that has again reached the object; and signal conditioner means for electrically interfacing said signal processor means with said detector means. ### Claim 5 An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object, comprising: a first plurality of reflectors, disposed in spaced relation on the object, each of said first plurality of reflectors having means for reflecting a first predetermined spectrum of energy; a second plurality of reflectors, each being disposed on the object between respective consecutive ones of said first plurality of reflectors whereby an alternating arrangement of said first and second pluralities of reflectors is formed, and each of said second plurality of reflectors having means for reflecting a second predetermined spectrum of energy; first detector means for converting said reflected first predetermined spectrum of energy into a corresponding first electrical signal; second detector means for converting said reflected second predetermined spectrum of energy into a corresponding second electrical signal; and means, responsive to the consecutive detection of said first electrical signal and said second electrical signal, for deriving the distance the object has moved. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 5, further comprising means for emitting ultraviolet energy toward said first and second pluralities of reflectors. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 6, wherein said means for deriving the distance the object has moved includes: signal processor means for determining when said first detector means provides said first electrical signal and for then determining when said second detector means provides said second electrical signal before again determining when said first detector means provides said first electrical signal; and signal conditioner means for electrically converting said first electrical signal and said second electrical signal into respective corresponding signals having respective formats detectable by said signal processor means. ### Claim 8 An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object, comprising: multi-frequency energy source means for providing energy having frequencies within a predetermined spectrum of at least two frequencies; first frequency responsive means, responsive to energy at a frequency within a first portion of said spectrum, for providing a first frequency output; second frequency responsive means, responsive to energy at a frequency within a second portion of said spectrum, for providing a second frequency output; first detector means for detecting said first frequency output and for providing a first electrical signal corresponding thereto; second detector means for detecting said second frequency output and for providing a second electrical signal corresponding thereto; and means, responsive to said first detector means and said second detector means, for monitoring the alternate detection of said first frequency output and said second frequency output by said first detector means and said second detector means, respectively, and for deriving the displacement of the object therefrom. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 8, wherein said multi-frequency energy source means includes means for emitting ultraviolet energy. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 9, wherein: said first frequency responsive means includes first reflector means, associated with the object, for reflecting a first portion of said ultraviolet energy thereby providing said first frequency output; and said second frequency responsive means includes second reflector means, associated with the object and spaced from said first reflector means, for reflecting a second portion of said ultraviolet energy thereby providing said second frequency output. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 10, wherein said means for monitoring the alternate detection of said first frequency output and said second frequency output and for deriving the displacement therefrom includes: signal processor means for determining when said first detector means detects said first frequency output and for then determining when said second detector means detects said second frequency output before again determining when said first detector means detects said first frequency output; and signal conditioner means for electrically converting said first electrical signal and said second electrical signal into respective corresponding signals having respective formats detectable by said signal processor means. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 8, wherein said means for monitoring the alternate detection of said first frequency output and said second frequency output and for deriving the displacement therefrom includes: signal processor means for determining when said first detector means detects said first frequency output and for then determining when said second detector means detects said second frequency output before again determining when said first detector means detects said first frequency output; and signal conditioner means for electrically converting said first electrical signal and said second electrical signal into respective corresponding signals having respective formats detectable by said signal processor means. ### Claim 13 An apparatus for monitoring the displacement of an object, comprising: source means for emitting ultraviolet energy; first reflector means, disposed on the object, for reflecting a first predetermined spectrum of energy in response to said ultaviolet energy impinging upon said first reflector means; second reflector means, disposed on the object in spaced relation with said first reflector means, for reflecting a second predetermined spectrum of energy in response to said ultraviolet energy impinging upon said second reflector means; first detector means for converting said reflected first predetermined spectrum of energy into a corresponding first electrical signal; second detector means for converting said reflected second predetermined spectrum of energy into a corresponding second electrical signal; and means, responsive to the consecutive detection of said first electrical signal and said second electrical signal, for deriving the distance the object has moved. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) An apparatus as defined in claim 13, wherein said means for deriving the distance the object has moved includes: first utilizing means for utilizing said first electrical signal to derive a first position of the object; first disabling means for disabling said first utilizing means to prevent the utilization of said first electrical signal after said first position is derived; second utilizing means for utilizing said second electrical signal to derive a second position of the object and for enabling said first utilizing means; and second disabling means for disabling said second utilizing means to prevent the utilization of said second electrical signal until after said first position is derived. ### Claim 15 A method of monitoring the displacement of an object, comprising: marking the object with a first reflective material responsive to ultraviolet energy; marking the object, in predetermined spaced relation with the first reflective material, with a second reflective material responsive to ultraviolet energy; detecting when the first reflective material initially responds to ultraviolet energy; detecting when the second reflective material initially responds to ultraviolet energy; preventing the redetection of a response to the ultraviolet energy by the first reflective material after the initial response thereby to ultraviolet energy until after the step of detecting when the second reflective material initially responds to ultraviolet energy; and calculating, in response to said steps of detecting when the first reflective material initially responds and of detecting when the second reflective material initially responds, the distance the object has moved. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) A method of monitoring the displacement of an object as defined in claim 15, further comprising the step of emitting ultraviolet energy toward said first and second reflective materials.