# US 4,394,460 A · Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer foam > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,394,460 A - Document ID: US4394460A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/327,326 - Filed: 1981-12-04 - Granted: 1983-07-19 - Earliest claimed: 1980-12-08 - Assignees: Allied Corporation - Inventors: Daniel C. Chung; William A. Miller; Eugene R. Baumgaertner - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4394460A ## CPC - C08J 9/10: developing nitrogen {, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond} - C08J 9/0066: {Use of inorganic compounding ingredients} - C08J 2323/08: Copolymers of ethene (C08J2323/16 takes precedence) - C08J 2327/12: containing fluorine atoms - Y10S 521/908: Nucleating agent for cellular product - Y10S 521/909: Blowing-agent moderator, e.g. kickers - Y10S 521/91: Plural blowing agents for producing nonpolyurethane cellular products - C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29) - Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS ## Abstract A foam composition comprising an ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, a blowing agent and a nucleating agent. The nucleating agent is the carbonate or oxide of a metal cation from the group of metals consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium, zinc and lead. The invention also is a method of making the above foam copolymer composition. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A composition comprising: a copolymer of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene, the copolymer having between 40 and 60 mol percent of ethylene units and correspondingly between about 60 and about 40 mol percent of chlorotrifluoroethylene units; an effective amount of a blowing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrozodicarboxylates, diesters of azodiformic acid and carbazides; and at least one nucleating agent selected from the group consisting of talc, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, zinc carbonate, lead carbonate, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, zinc oxide and lead oxide. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The composition as recited in claim 1 wherein the nucleating agent is a carbonate. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The composition as recited in claim 2 wherein the nucleating agent is calcium carbonate. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The composition as recited in claim 3 wherein there is up to 5 parts of calcium carbonate per hundred parts by weight of copolymer. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The composition as recited in claim 4 wherein there is 0.5 to 3 parts of calcium carbonate per hundred parts by weight of copolymer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1, 4) The composition as recited in claims 1 or 4 further comprising up to 5 parts of an inert nucleating agent. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The composition as recited in claim 6 wherein the inert nucleating agent is talc. ### Claim 8 (depends on 8) The composition as recited in claim 8 wherein the carbazide is p-toluene sulfonyl semicarbazide. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The composition as recited in claim 8 wherein the blowing agent is a compound having the formula ROOC--HN--NH--COOR' wherein at least one of R and R' is selected from the group consisting of secondary and tertiary alkyl groups having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms and the other of R and R' is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain and branched-chain alkyl groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl radicals having from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl radicals having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and alkaryl and aralkyl radicals having from 7 to 10 carbon atoms. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The composition as recited in claim 9 wherein the blowing agent is diisopropyl hydrazodicarboxylate. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The composition as recited in claim 10 wherein there is up to 5 parts by weight of diisopropyl hydrazodicarboxylate per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The composition as recited in claim 11 wherein there is between about 0.5 and 3 parts of diisopropyl hydrazodicarboxylate per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The composition as recited in claim 1 further comprising up to about 3 parts by weight of high density polyethylene per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The composition as recited in claim 1 wherein there is up to 30 parts of the nucleating agent per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The composition as recited in claim 14 wherein there is from 0.1 to 5 parts of the nucleating agent per hundred parts of the copolymer. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The composition as recited in claim 15 wherein there is from 0.5 to 3 parts of the nucleating agent per hundred parts copolymer. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The composition as recited in claim 1 wherein there is up to 10 parts of blowing agent per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The composition as recited in claim 17 wherein there is from 0.1 to 5 parts of blowing agent per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The composition as recited in claim 18 wherein there is from 0.5 to 3 parts of blowing agent per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 20 A composition comprising: a copolymer of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene, the copolymer having between 40 and 60 mol percent of ethylene units and correspondingly between about 60 and about 40 mol percent of chlorotrifluoroethylene units; an effective amount of a chemically decomposing blowing agent; and calcium carbonate. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The composition as recited in claim 20 wherein the calcium carbonate has a particle size up to 10 microns. ### Claim 22 (depends on 20) The composition as recited in claim 20 wherein the particle size of the calcium carbonate is from 0.01 to 3 microns. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The composition as recited in claim 22 wherein there is up to 5 parts by weight calcium carbonate per 100 parts by weight of copolymer. ### Claim 24 (depends on 20, 23) The composition as recited in claims 20 or 23 further comprising up to 5 parts of an inert nucleating agent. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The composition as recited in claim 24 wherein the inert nucleating agent is talc. ### Claim 26 (depends on 20) The composition as recited in claim 20 wherein there is between about 0.5 and about 3 parts of calcium carbonate per hundred parts by weight of copolymer. ### Claim 27 (depends on 20) The composition as recited in claim 20 wherein the blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of the class of hydrazodicarboxylates, diesters of azodiformic acid and carbazides. ### Claim 28 (depends on 20) The composition as recited in claim 20 wherein the blowing agent is a compound having the formula ROOC--HN--NH--COOR' wherein at least one of R and R' is selected from the group consisting of secondary and tertiary alkyl groups having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms and the other of R and R' is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain and branched-chain alkyl groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl radicals having from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl radicals having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and alkaryl and aralkyl radicals having from 7 to 10 carbon atoms. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The composition as recited in claim 28 wherein the blowing agent is diisopropyl hydrazodicarboxylate. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The composition as recited in claim 29 wherein there is from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of diisopropyl hydrazodicarboxylate per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The composition as recited in claim 30 wherein there is between about 0.5 and 3 parts of diisopropyl hydrazodicarboxylate per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 32 (depends on 20) The composition as recited in claim 20 further comprising up to about 3 parts by weight of high density polyethylene per hundred parts of copolymer. ### Claim 33 (depends on 20) The composition as recited in claim 20 wherein the blowing agent is a metal carbonate selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate and lead carbonate. ### Claim 34 (depends on 33) The composition as recited in claim 33 wherein the blowing agent is magnesium carbonate.