# US 4,394,422 A · Bonded structure and process of making same

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- Number: US 4,394,422 A
- Document ID: US4394422A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/271,127
- Filed: 1981-06-08
- Granted: 1983-07-19
- Earliest claimed: 1981-06-08
- Assignees: Ray J. Van Thyne; John J. Rausch; Material Sciences Corporation
- Inventors: Ray J. Van Thyne; John J. Rausch
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4394422A

## CPC

- B23K 1/0014: {Brazing of honeycomb sandwich structures}
- F28D 19/042: {Rotors; Assemblies of heat absorbing masses}
- Y10T 428/12333: Helical or with helical component
- Y10T 428/1234: Honeycomb, or with grain orientation or elongated elements in defined angular relationship in respective components [e.g., parallel, inter- secting, etc.]
- Y10T 428/12347: Plural layers discontinuously bonded [e.g., spot-weld, mechanical fastener, etc.]
- Y10T 428/1241: Nonplanar uniform thickness or nonlinear uniform diameter [e.g., L-shape]
- Y10T 428/12458: having composition, density, or hardness gradient
- Y10T 428/12958: Next to Fe-base component
- B23K: SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- F28D: HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT (fluid heaters having heat generating means and heat transferring means F24H; furnaces F27; details of heat-exchange apparatus of general)
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

Two ferrous-based components are bonded together to form a bonded structure and simultaneously a layer is diffused into the surfaces of the components. The process involves first placing the components in juxtaposition, and contacting the juxtaposed components with a molten lead bath having at least one diffusing element therein. One component may be a corrugated sheet and the other may be an uncorrugated or less corrugated sheet, the sheets being in the form of helixes interposed in each other to create a substantial number of fold lines being in contact with the surface of the uncorrugated sheet. Alternately, a sheet with projections may be used in place of the corrugated sheet.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A bonded structure comprising at least two adjacent ferrous-based components having a layer diffused in the surface of both of said parts to bond them together, wherein both of said components are sheets of ferrous-based material and at least one of said sheets has spacer means bonded to the other of said sheets to create at least one channel therebetween, said bonded structure being made by the steps of placing said components in juxtaposition, and contacting said juxtaposed components with a molten alloy bath consisting essentially of lead and at least one diffusing element, thereby to create a layer diffused into the surfaces of both of said components which bonds them together.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1, wherein said spacer means are corrugations, so that a multiplicity of said channels are created thereby.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1, wherein said spacer means are projections.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1, wherein said layer is diffused throughout the thickness of said sheets and said spacer means.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1, wherein said sheets define a single helical channel.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1, wherein said layer is composed of at least one element selected from the group of elements consisting of chromium, aluminum, cobalt, nickel, manganese, titanium and vanadium.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1, wherein said layer is chromium and aluminum.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1, wherein said layer contains 5-30% chromium.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The bonded structure of claim 1 wherein said layer contains 3-18% aluminum.

### Claim 10

A bonded structure comprising a corrugated sheet of ferrous-based material having a multiplicity of fold lines, a further sheet of ferrous-based material, said sheets being in the form of helixes interposed in each other such that a substantial number of said fold lines contact a surface of said further sheet, and a layer diffused into the surfaces of both of said sheets so as to bond said corrugated sheet at the lines of contact thereof to said further sheet so as to create a multiplicity of parallel channels.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The bonded structure of claim 10, being made by the steps of providing a supply of said corrugated sheet and a supply of said further sheet, placing the ends of said sheets in juxtaposition, whereby the fold lines of said corrugated sheet will contact a surface of said further sheet, wrapping said sheets simultaneously about an axis parallel to the corrugations in said corrugated sheet until a cylinder of desired diameter is generated, severing the balance of said sheets, attaching the free ends of said sheets at least to the adjacent flight of one of said sheets, and contacting said sheets with a molten alloy bath consisting essentially of lead and at least one diffusing element, thereby to create a layer diffused into the surfaces of both of said sheets which bonds them together.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The bonded structure of claim 11, wherein said diffusing element is chromium.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The bonded structure of claim 11, wherein said bath has at least two diffusing elements being chromium and aluminum.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The bonded structure of claim 11, wherein said sheets are simultaneously wrapped about a cylindrical hub.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The bonded structure of claim 11, wherein said sheets are reciprocated while in said bath in directions parallel to the axes of said channels.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The bonded structure of claim 11, wherein said one diffusing element is in the form of granules and is isolated from said sheets in order to prevent said granules from clogging the channels of said bonded structure.

### Claim 17

A bonded structure comprising a first sheet of ferrous-based material having a multiplicity of projections, a second sheet of ferrous-based material, said sheets being in the form of helixes interposed in each other such that a substantial number of said projections contact a surface of said second sheet, and a layer diffused into the surfaces of both of said sheets so as to bond said first sheet at the projections thereof to said second sheet.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The bonded structure of claim 17, being made by the steps of providing a supply of said second sheet and a supply of said first sheet, placing the ends of said sheets in juxtaposition, whereby the projections of said first sheet will contact a surface of said second sheet, rolling said sheets simultaneously about an axis parallel to the side of said sheets until a cylinder of desired diameter is generated, severing the balance of said sheets, attaching the free ends of said sheets at least to the adjacent flight of one of said sheets, and contacting said sheets with a molten alloy bath consisting essentially of lead and at least one diffusing element, thereby to create a layer diffused into the surfaces of both of said sheets which bonds them together.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The bonded structure of claim 18, wherein said diffusing element is chromium.

### Claim 20 (depends on 18)

The bonded structure of claim 18, wherein said bath has at least two diffusing elements being chromium and aluminum.

### Claim 21

A bonded structure comprising a plurality of corrugated sheets of ferrous-based material each having a multiplicity of fold lines, a plurality of further sheets of ferrous-based material, said corrugated sheets alternating with said further sheets such that a substantial number of said fold lines contact a surface of said further sheets, and a layer diffused into the surfaces of all of said sheets so as to bond said corrugated sheets at the fold lines thereof to the adjacent further sheets.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The bonded structure of claim 21, being made by the steps of providing a supply of corrugated sheets and a supply of further sheets, arranging said sheets into a stack in which said corrugated sheets alternate with said further sheets, clamping the stack so that the sheets therein remain in place, contacting said sheets with a molten alloy bath consisting essentially of lead and at least one diffusing element, thereby to create a layer diffused into the surfaces of both of said sheets which bonds them together.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The bonded structure of claim 22, wherein said diffusing element is chromium.

### Claim 24 (depends on 22)

The bonded structure of claim 22, wherein said bath has at least two diffusing elements being chromium and aluminum.