# US 4,394,247 A · Liquefaction of coals using recyclable superacid catalyst

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- Number: US 4,394,247 A
- Document ID: US4394247A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/290,260
- Filed: 1981-08-05
- Granted: 1983-07-19
- Earliest claimed: 1981-08-05
- Inventors: George A. Olah
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4394247A

## CPC

- C10G 1/00: Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal (mechanical winning of oil from oil-shales, oil-sand, or the like B03B)
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES

## Abstract

This invention discloses a process for the liquefaction of coals and other predominantly hydrocarbonaceous materials by treating the same with a superacidic catalyst system consisting of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and boron trifluoride in the presence of super-atmospheric hydrogen.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A process for the liquefaction of coals or other predominantly hydrocarbonaceous materials by treatment thereof with hydrogen gas under superatmospheric pressure of 25-150 atmospheres at temperatures of 50.degree.-250.degree. C. in the presence of a superacidic system comprising anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and boron trifluoride, present in a mole ratio of about 0.5 to 2 to 1.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 in which the temperatures used are between about 100.degree. and 250.degree. C. and the pressures used are between about 35 to 75 atmospheres.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 further including the step of recovering and recycling the superacidic system.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 further including the step of using the hydrogen sulfide produced as a by-product of the process to form hydrogen gas to be utilized in the process.

### Claim 5

A process for the liquefaction of coals or other predominantly hydrocarbonaceous materials comprising the steps of (i) treatment thereof with a superacidic system comprising hydrogen fluoride and boron trifluroide, present in a mole ratio of about 0.5 to 2 to 1, to effect depolymerization followed by (ii) conventional catalytic hydrogenation of the depolymerized products prepared in step (i).