# US 4,393,415 A · Time changing system for VTR > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,393,415 A - Document ID: US4393415A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/201,436 - Filed: 1980-10-28 - Granted: 1983-07-12 - Earliest claimed: 1980-10-28 - Assignees: RCA Corporation - Inventors: Robert N. Hurst - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4393415A ## CPC - G11B 27/005: {Reproducing at a different information rate from the information rate of recording (for television signals H04N5/783)} - G11B 27/02: Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers - H04N 5/937: by assembling picture element blocks in an intermediate store - G11B: INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER (recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer G01D9/00; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards G06K; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another G06K1/18; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver H04B1/20; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor H04R) - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract Apparatus for controlling the playback speed of a VTR features an accurate speed control signal. The reproduced signal is resynchronized to a standard speed by repeating or deleting frames when successive frames are substantially identical. In addition, or as an alternative, frame averaging can be used. Provision for real time entry is made to minimize human error. Application of the invention to both quadruplex and helical scan machines is shown. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for controlling the playback speed of a video tape recorder to conform to a selected speed different from a recording speed, said method comprising generating a signal having a frequency in accordance with said selected playback speed, applying said signal as a reference signal to a servo circuit, providing an output signal from said servo circuit for control of said playback speed to conform to said selected speed, whereby a reproduced video signal recorded in accordance with a frame rate no longer conforms to said frame rate, and converting the reproduced video signal to conform to a selected frame rate, said generating step comprising calculating the quotient of a normal playback time of a length of video tape to a desired playback time for said length, and controlling the frequency of an oscillator in accordance with said quotient. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said providing step comprises applying said output signal to a capstan motor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said video signal comprises a plurality of frames, and said converting step comprises detecting substantially identical frames, and repeating or deleting at least one frame when frames are substantially identical. ### Claim 4 An apparatus for controlling the playback speed of a video tape recorder to conform to a selected speed different from a recording speed, said apparatus comprising means for generating a signal having a frequency in accordance with said selected playback speed, a servo circuit, means for applying said signal as a reference signal to said servo circuit, said servo circuit providing an output signal for control of said playback speed to conform to said selected speed, whereby a reproduced video signal recorded in accordance with a frame rate no longer conforms to said frame rate, and means for converting the reproduced video signal to conform to a selected frame rate, said generating means comprising means for calculating the quotient of a normal playback time of a length of video tape to a desired playback time, an oscillator means for providing said reference signal, and means for controlling the frequency of said oscillator means in accordance with said quotient. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a capstan motor that receives said output signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said video signal comprises a plurality of frames, and said converting means comprises means for detecting substantially identical frames, and means for repeating or deleting at least one frame when frames are substantially identical. ### Claim 7 A method for controlling the playback speed of a video tape recorder to conform to a selected speed different from a recording speed, said method comprising generating a signal having a frequency in accordance with said selected playback speed, applying said signal as a reference signal to a servo circuit, providing an output signal from said servo circuit for control of said playback speed to conform to said selected speed, whereby a reproduced video signal recorded in accordance with a frame rate no longer conforms to said frame rate, and converting the reproduced video signal to conform to a selected frame rate, said generating step comprising calculating desired playback time of a length of video tape using end and real times of said length, calculating the quotient of normal playback time to desired playback time, and controlling the frequency of an oscillator in accordance with said quotient. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) A method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising generating and storing a signal representing said normal playback time, subtracting from said stored normal playback time signal a signal derived from said oscillator to form a difference signal, and substituting the difference signal for the original normal playback time signal in said last recited calculating step. ### Claim 9 An apparatus for controlling the playback speed of a video tape recorder to conform to a selected speed different from a recording speed, said apparatus comprising means for generating a signal having a frequency in accordance with said selected playback speed, a servo circuit, means for applying said signal as a reference signal to said servo circuit, said servo circuit providing an output signal for control of said playback speed to conform to said selected speed, whereby a reproduced video signal recorded in accordance with a frame rate no longer conforms to said frame rate, and means for converting the reproduced video signal to conform to a selected frame rate, said generating means comprising means for calculating desired playback time of a length of video tape using said end and real times of said length, means for calculating the quotient of normal playback time to desired playback time, an oscillator means for providing said reference signal, and means for controlling the frequency of said oscillator means in accordance with said quotient. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, further comprising means for generating and storing a signal representing said normal playback time, means for deriving a signal from said oscillator means, means for subtracting from said stored normal playback time signal said derived signal to form a difference signal, and means for substituting the difference signal for the original normal playback time signal in said last recited calculating means.