# US 4,393,148 A · Reaction of t-alkylhydrazinium salts and ogranic peroxides to foam unsaturated polyester resins

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- Number: US 4,393,148 A
- Document ID: US4393148A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/431,545
- Filed: 1982-09-30
- Granted: 1983-07-12
- Earliest claimed: 1982-09-30
- Assignees: Pennwalt Corporation
- Inventors: Ernest R. Kamens
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4393148A

## CPC

- C08J 9/104: {Hydrazines; Hydrazides; Semicarbazides; Semicarbazones; Hydrazones; Derivatives thereof}
- C08F 283/01: on to unsaturated polyesters {(C08F283/004 takes precedence)}
- C08J 2333/12: Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
- C08J 2351/00: Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J 2367/00: Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29)
- C08F: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS

## Abstract

Low density foams are prepared from an admixture which comprises a medium which is polymerizable and/or crosslinkable by free radical initiation, a t-alkylhydrazinium salt blowing agent, a peroxide curing agent, a suitable surfactant, and at least one transition metal salt promoter wherein at least one of the metal salts is a compound of iron or copper. The t-alkylhydrazinium salt blowing agent in the presence of an effective amount of the transitional metal salt promoter improves the efficiency of the process.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A foamable and curable composition comprising an admixture of an unsaturated polyester and a polymerizable unsaturated monomer or polymethylmethacrylate and a polymerizable unsaturated monomer, a peroxide, at least one transition metal salt promoter where at least one of the metals is selected from group consisting of iron and copper, and a t-alkylhydrazinium salt blowing agent.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 wherein the concentration of the medium is 100 parts, the peroxide is from about 0.2 to about 20 parts, the promoter is from about 0.01 to about 2.0 parts, and the blowing agent is from about 0.2 to about 10 parts.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2 wherein the concentration of the peroxide is from about 0.5 to about 10 parts, the promoter is from about 0.05 to about 1.0 parts, and the blowing agent is from about 0.2 to about 5 parts.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 wherein a suitable surfactant is present in the composition.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 wherein said medium is an unsaturated polyester resin.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 wherein said peroxide is selected from the group of hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxide, diacylperoxide, peroxidicarbonate, and ketone peroxides.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 wherein the promoter is selected from the group of ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, cuprous chloride, cupric chloride and copper naphthenate.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A method for preparing a foamed and cured resin comprising reacting the composition of claim 1 at ambient temperatures until foaming and curing have been effected.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the metal salt is first added to the resin reaction mixture and thoroughly mixed, and next the blowing agent is added and thoroughly mixed, and lastly the peroxide is added and thoroughly mixed.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the resin is an unsaturated polyester resin.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the density of the foamed and cured resin is controlled by controlling the blowing agent and metal salt promoter.