# US 4,392,881 A · Process for composting decaying material of organic waste and/or sewage sludge in two processing steps

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- Number: US 4,392,881 A
- Document ID: US4392881A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/279,065
- Filed: 1981-06-30
- Granted: 1983-07-12
- Earliest claimed: 1980-07-01
- Assignees: Gebruder Weiss K.G.
- Inventors: Franz Kneer
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4392881A

## CPC

- C05F 17/50: Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
- A23K 10/12: by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
- C05F 17/70: Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
- C05F 17/95: Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means
- C05F 17/957: using two or more serially arranged devices
- Y02P 20/145: the feedstock being materials of biological origin
- Y02W 30/40: Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
- C05F: ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- A23K: FODDER
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02W: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT

## Abstract

A method for composting decaying material by first treating the material to produce a decayable carbon/nitrogen ratio and continuously and countercurrently aerating the decaying material in a first step to produce a biologically active material and then introducing the biologically active material to a second step wherein it is discontinuously aerated at controlled intervals. The process produces a hygienically unobjectionable humus material in a continuous and industrially efficient manner.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A process for compositing decaying material selected from the group consisting of organic waste or sewage sludge in two processing steps comprising:
(a) treating the decaying material to achieve a decayable C/N ratio and then continuously and countercurrently aerating the decaying material in the first processing step so as to decay the material both anaerobically and aerobically, wherein the decaying material is brought into a first vessel from above and discharged from the bottom in such a manner, that each particle of the column of material consisting of decaying material passes through the first vessel within 7 to 14 days and the column of material is aerated countercurrently and continuously from below in such a manner that different heat layers and oxygen layers are formed within the column of material and thereby support a specific distribution of aerobic or anaerobic bacteria throughout said column which effect decaying and render it biologically active; and
(b) directly introducing this continuously aerated material to the second processing step by transferring the biologically active material from the first vessel to a second vessel which is closed to the atmosphere at a rate such that it passes through the second vessel within 14 to 20 days and is aerated discontinuously during this time at intervals in such a manner that only aerobic processes take place in the column of material present to mature the decaying material in said second vessel.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 wherein the aeration in both processing steps is controlled in response to the CO.sub.2 content of the air coming from the decaying material and the moisture content of the discharged decaying material.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 wherein the decaying material, before being transferred to the second processing step, is mixed with organic or inorganic additions, which improve the decaying material.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 wherein the air is supplied to the first and the second processing steps by producing a pressure or a vacuum.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 wherein the air throughput in the first vessel is from about 1 to 2.5 times the capacity of the first vessel, the air throughput in the second vessel is about 1 to 2 times the capacity of the second vessel and the air is forced through the second vessel for periods varying from about 1/4 to 3/4 hours with pauses between said periods from about one to five minutes.