# US 4,392,405 A · Method and apparatus for processing tone signals in electronic musical instruments > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,392,405 A - Document ID: US4392405A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/235,960 - Filed: 1981-02-19 - Granted: 1983-07-12 - Earliest claimed: 1980-02-21 - Assignees: Reinhard Franz - Inventors: Reinhard Franz; Wilfried Dittmar - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4392405A ## CPC - G10H 1/10: for obtaining chorus, celeste or ensemble effects (continuous modulation G10H1/043) - G10H 1/043: Continuous modulation - Y10S 84/04: Chorus; ensemble; celeste - Y10S 84/26: Reverberation - G10H: ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE - Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS ## Abstract Tone amplitudes of signals which are generated in an electronic organ are converted into digital values and such values are cyclically memorized by a RAM storage at locations which are selected in accordance with a first function. The locations in the storage are then scanned in accordance with one or more second functions which differ from the first function in dependency on time, the thus ascertained or read-out digital values are thereupon converted into analog values, and the analog values are consolidated into processed tone signals. The second functions are or can be derived from the first function. ## Claims ### Claim 1 Apparatus for processing tone signals which are to be transmitted with a variable delay in an electronic musical instrument, especially in an electronic organ, comprising: (a) means for supplying tone signals; (b) a memory having input and output means and n storage locations; (c) first transducer means for converting the amplitude of each supplied tone signal into digital values and for transmitting such values to said memory, said first transducer means being connected with said input means; (d) addressing means including means for repeatedly counting to n, and means for effecting cyclical memorization of the digital values at locations which are selected in accordance with a first function, said effecting means comprising means for generating said first function, and said addressing means further including means for recovering digital values from said locations in accordance with at least one second function which differs from said first function in dependence on time, said recovering means comprising means for generating said second function, and said second function generating means including means for deriving said second function from said first function, said second function generating means also including means for generating an analog function, and transducer means for converting said analog function into a digital function; and (e) additional transducer means for converting the digital values recovered by said recovering means into analog values and for consolidating such analog values into processed tone signals, said additional transducer means being connected with said output means. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising selector means for adjusting said second function generating means so that the latter can furnish a plurality of different second functions. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising means for varying the amplitude of said second function. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising means for varying the frequency of said second function. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said means for generating said second function comprises means for subtracting from said first function at least one differential function. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising means for varying the amplitude of said differential function. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising means for varying the frequency of said differential function. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first and additional transducer means form part of a single analog-digital digital-analog converter circuit. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a feedback connection between the output of said additional transducer means and the input of said first transducer means. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said memory has 512 storage locations. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said addressing means is designed to permit the difference between said functions to be varied. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said addressing means is designed to restrict each digital signal to a single one of said locations. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said addressing means is designed to operate in cycles and both said assigning means and said recovering means are activated during each cycle. ### Claim 14 Apparatus for processing tone signals which are to be transmitted with a variable delay in an electronic musical instrument, especially in an electronic organ, comprising: (a) means for supplying tone signals; (b) a memory having input and output means and n storage locations; (c) first transducer means for converting the amplitude of each supplied tone signal into digital values and for transmitting such values to said memory, said first transducer means being connected with said input means; (d) addressing means including means for repeatedly counting to n, said counting means comprising a first ring counter having an output, and timing pulse generator means connected with said first ring counter, and said addressing means further including means for effecting cyclical memorization of the digital values at locations which are selected in accordance with a first function, said effecting means comprising means for generating said first function, and said first function generating means comprising a second ring counter connected with said output of said first ring counter, said addressing means also including means for recovering digital values from said locations in accordance with at least one second function which differs from said first function in dependence on time, and said recovering means comprising means for generating said second function, said second function generating means including a function generator, and means for deriving said second function from said first function, and said deriving means comprising subtracting circuit means receiving signals from said function generator, said circuit means also receiving signals from said first ring counter by way of said first function generating means, and said first ring counter being designed to furnish signals for memorization and recovery of the digital values in accordance with said first and second functions; and (e) second transducer means for converting the digital values ascertained by said recovering means into analog values and for consolidating such analog values into processed tone signals, said second transducer means being connected with said output means. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said second ring counter is operable at a frequency which is above the lower limit of audio frequency. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The apparatus of claim 15, wherein said frequency is in the range of 30 kHz.