# US 4,392,296 A · Method of joining two metal members > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,392,296 A - Document ID: US4392296A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/193,442 - Filed: 1980-10-03 - Granted: 1983-07-12 - Earliest claimed: 1979-10-05 - Assignees: Hitachi, Ltd. - Inventors: Hisanobu Kanamaru; Akira Tohkairin; Hideo Tatsumi; Naotatsu Asahi; Mitsuo Haginoya - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4392296A ## CPC - B21K 25/00: Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components (uniting by interference- or press-fitting B23P11/02, B21K19/02) - F16D 27/112: with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs - F16D 2027/008: {Details relating to the magnetic circuit, or to the shape of the clutch parts to achieve a certain magnetic path} - Y10T 29/49934: by axially applying force - Y10T 29/49943: Riveting - Y10T 403/4933: by separate, deformable element - B21K: MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS (making particular articles by working sheet metal without essentially removing material B21D; processing wire B21F; making pins, needles or nails B21G; making particular articles by rolling B21H; forging machines, pressing machines, hammering machines, in general B21J; making chains B21L; plating B23K) - F16D: COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract In a method of joining two metal members by forming an annular groove at least on one of the two metal members to be joined and causing part of the material of the metal member to flow into the annular groove by plastic deformation to form a joint, at least one annular angled member is formed in the annular groove. The annular angled member extending the entire periphery of the annular groove is substantially triangular in axial cross-sectional shape. The joint has increased strength and can be formed with reduced pressure. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of joining two metal members, each having a joining surface arranged in such a manner that the joining surfaces of the two metal members are in spaced juxtaposed relation, by way of a third metal member comprising the steps of: forming an annular groove on each of said joining surfaces of said two metal members; inserting a metal ring, of which said third member is comprised, in a gap defined between the joining surfaces of said two metal members; and applying pressure to said connecting ring to cause part of the material thereof to flow into said annular groove, to form a joint; wherein the improvement comprises the steps of: forming in each of said annular groove, simultaneously with or after forming said annular groove, at least one annular angled member having a height h that is substantially smaller than the depth H of said annular groove in accordance with the relationship 1/2H.ltoreq.h.ltoreq.(7/8)H and being substantially triangular in shape in axial cross section. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one annular angled member formed in said annular groove is 1-3 in number. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one annular angled member has a vertical angle in the range between 80 and 130 degrees. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one annular angled member is formed with irregularities continuous peripherally thereof. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 4, wherein said irregularities continuous peripherally of said at least one annular angled member are formed by knurling. ### Claim 6 A method of joining two metal members, each having a joining surface, one of said metal members having a higher deformation resistance than the other, comprising the steps of: forming an annular groove on the joining surface of the one of said two metal members having higher deformation resistance; arranging the two metal members in such a manner that the joining surfaces of the two metal members are in juxtaposed relation; and applying pressure to the other metal member of lower deformation resistance to cause part of the material thereof to flow into said groove to form a joint; wherein the improvement comprises the step of: forming in said annular groove, simultaneously with or after forming said annular groove, at least one annular angled member having a height h that is substantially smaller than the depth H of said annular groove in accordance with the relationship 1/2H.ltoreq.h.ltoreq.(7/8)H and being substantially triangular in shape in axial cross section. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 6 wherein said at least one annular angled member formed in said annular groove is 1-3 in number. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) A method of joining metal members as claimed in claim 6 wherein said annular angled member has a vertical angle in the range between 80 and 130 degrees. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 6, wherein said at least one annular angled member is formed with irregularities continuous peripherally thereof. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 9, wherein said irregularities continuous peripherally of said at least one annular angled member are formed by knurling. ### Claim 11 (depends on 6) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 6, wherein the metal member of lower deformation resistance is a metal ring, said metal ring being disposed in an annular gap defined between the joining surface of the member of higher deformation resistance and a third metal member, said third member having a higher deformation resistance than that of said metal ring. ### Claim 12 (depends on 6) A method of joining two metal members as claimed in claim 6, wherein said member of lower deformation resistance is only locally deformed for direct coupling together of only said two metal members. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1, 6) A method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the step of forming an annular groove is performed so as to produce a groove of depth H of 0.1-1.0 mm. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1, 6) A method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the step of forming an annular groove is performed so as to produce a groove of depth H of 0.2-0.6 mm. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) A method according to claim 14, wherein said annular angled member is formed with periphery having a multiplicity of grooves of 0.1-0.5 mm in dependence on the heigh h of the annular angled member.