# US 4,392,292 A · Forming process

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- Number: US 4,392,292 A
- Document ID: US4392292A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/156,853
- Filed: 1980-06-05
- Granted: 1983-07-12
- Earliest claimed: 1979-06-06
- Assignees: Johnson Matthey PLC
- Inventors: Ian B. Irons
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4392292A

## CPC

- B21D 39/04: of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods {(crimped pipe joints as such F16L13/14)}
- B29C 57/025: {combined with the introduction of a sealing ring, e.g. using the sealing element as forming element}
- B29C 57/06: elastically deformable
- F16L 13/08: Soldered joints
- Y10T 29/49805: Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure
- B21D: WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL (working or processing of wire B21F)
- B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00)
- F16L: PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

A method and apparatus for production of couplings for joining together sections of metal tubing, the couplings being of the type comprising sockets having e.g. an annular recess carrying a filler metal, whereby the filler metal comprises a plastic composition which is applied under pressure to a selected internal area of a section of deformable tubing, thereby to form an indentation containing a deposit of plastic composition.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for forming couplings or individual sockets from ductile metal comprising:
(i) inserting into a section of the ductile metal tubing a hollow mandrel having a blind end and containing one or more apertures, each aperature extending from the interior of the mandrel to the circumferential surface, the interior of the mandrel containing a plastic filler metal material;
(ii) holding at least an end portion of said section of tubing in support means, the end portion containing the mandrel, the said support means having a supporting surface adapted to contact substantially the entire periphery of said end portion and a cavity being provided in said supporting surface, the relative position of the mandrel within said portion of tubing to said support means being such that the apertures are substantially in registration with the cavity,
and
(iii) inserting into the open end of said hollow mandrel a ram to apply pressure to the said plastic filler metal material, forcing the said material through said apertures to distend that portion of said ductile metal tubing in registration with said cavity into said cavity, the interior or the resulting distension being thereby simultaneously provided with a deposit of plastic filler metal material.

### Claim 2

A method for forming a coupling or individual socket of ductile metal tubing comprising providing a rigid supporting surface which is designed to surround the entire periphery of at least a portion of the tubing and which has a cavity therein corresponding to an annular groove or recess to be formed in the interior of the tubing; positioning the tubing in the supporting surface so that the cavity in the supporting surface is located opposite the point where the interior groove or recess is to be formed in the tubing; placing a hollow, apertured mandrel within the thus-positioned tubing so that each aperture therein is located within the tubing at the point where the interior groove or recess is to be formed; and extruding a plastic filler metal material through each said aperture of the mandrel at a pressure such that the thus extruded material forces the tubing into the cavity of the supporting surface to form said interior groove or recess in the tubing while simultaneously depositing in said groove or recess the extruded material, the deposit being such that it may be used to provide on heating a strong and durable joint when the resulting coupling is used to join together two ends of metal tubing.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 wherein after the plastic filler metal material is extruded to form said coupling or socket comprising the groove or recess in the tubing with the deposit of extruded material in the groove or recess, the end of another metal tubing is inserted into the coupling or socket and the resulting composite is heated to melt the filler material and form on cooling a strong and durable joint between the two tubing members.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

A method according to claim 2 wherein extrusion pressure is applied to the material by a fluid pressure system.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

A method according to claim 2 wherein extrusion pressure is applied to the plastic material by a mechanical system.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A method according to claim 1 wherein the ductile metal comprises copper.