# US 4,391,434 A · Ceramic insert

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 4,391,434 A
- Document ID: US4391434A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/251,319
- Filed: 1981-04-06
- Granted: 1983-07-05
- Earliest claimed: 1980-02-21
- Inventors: Micheal D. LaBate
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4391434A

## CPC

- C21B 7/14: Discharging devices, e.g. for slag
- B22D 35/04: into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
- F27D 1/04: characterised by the form {, e.g. shape} of the bricks or blocks used
- F27D 1/142: {Anchors made from ceramic material}
- Y10S 411/904: Fastener or fastener element composed of nonmetallic material
- C21B: MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL (preliminary treatment of ferrous ores or scrap C22B1/00)
- B22D: CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES (shaping of plastics or substances in a plastic state B29C; metallurgical processing, selection of substances to be added to metal C21, C22)
- F27D: DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

## Abstract

A ceramic interiorly threaded hollow insert for incorporation in a refractory preformed shape such as hot metal runners into which eyelet carrying bolts may be threaded so that the preformed shapes can be handled by mechanical means. The ceramic insert is made of material similar to that of the preformed shape with which it is used. The ceramic insert is bonded in the preformed shape during the drying and baking formation thereof.

## Claims

### Claim 1

The combination of a preformed hot metal runner formed of refractory material and at least one U-shaped ceramic insert embedded therein with the ends of the U-shaped insert flush with the upper surfaces of said hot metal runner, a threaded socket formed in each end of said U-shaped ceramic insert arranged to receive a threaded fastener therein.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The combination of a preformed hot metal runner and at least one ceramic insert embedded therein as set forth in claim 1 and wherein said hot metal runner is formed of a mixture of aluminum oxide, raw fire clay, ground fired brick grog, refractory cement and phosphoric acid (H.sub.3 O.sub.4 P).

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The combination of a preformed hot metal runner and at least one ceramic insert embedded therein as set forth in claim 1 wherein the ceramic insert is formed of refractory materials including aluminum oxide, raw fire clay and phosphoric acid.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The combination of a preformed hot metal runner and at least one ceramic insert embedded therein as set forth in claim 1 and wherein the ceramic insert is formed of refractory material including aluminum oxide, fire clay, ground fired brick grog, refractory cement and phosphoric acid.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The combinaion of a preformed hot metal runner and at least one ceramic insert embedded therein set forth in claim 1 and wherein the surface of said ceramic insert is rough.