Tuning fork-shaped quartz oscillator

A tuning fork-shaped quartz oscillator comprising:

• a U-shaped quartz oscillator body comprising a pair of vibration arms having a substantially rectangular cross section and a base connected to said vibration arms at one end of said vibration arms;
• first and second excitation electrodes provided on the sides of each of said vibration arms, said first and second excitation electrodes each including first and second electrode portions, wherein for each vibration arm said first electrode portion of said first excitation electrode and said first electrode portion of said second excitation electrode being provided on each side of a vibration arm parallel to the direction of the bending mode vibration of the vibration arm, said second electrode portion of said first excitation electrode being contiguous to said first electrode portion thereof, said second electrode portion of said first excitation electrode being laid on one side of the vibration arm adjacent to the side on which the first electrode of said first excitation electrode portion is laid, and said second electrode portion of said second excitation electrode being contiguous to said first electrode portion of said second excitation electrode, said second electrode portion of said second excitation electrode being laid on the other side of the vibration arm adjacent to the side on which said first electrode portion of said second excitation electrode is laid;
• and
• connecting means including a first input terminal and a second input terminal coupled to said excitation electrodes for supplying drive voltage to said excitation electrodes for causing said vibration arms to keep vibrating in opposite phase relation in both a bending mode and a twisting mode.