US 4,378,764 AGranted

Piston and combustion chamber with improved fuel circulation

OwnerAdam A. Jorgenseninventor

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Abstract

An internal combustion engine, which has a combustion chamber with a coordinated piston where the combustion chamber is divided into a first and second section, and where the piston has an extension which slides into the second chamber section during the later part of the piston's upward movement, and compresses the fuel-air mixture contained in that chamber section to a pressure somewhat higher than the pressure in the first section. The second chamber wall and the piston extension has two air passages, which are coordinated in such a way that during the last part of the compression cycle, the air passages overlap and provide an escape passage for the fuel-air mixture in the second section which is released suddenly into the first combustion chamber section and sets the fuel-air mixture in that section in a swirling motion, which helps to better mix the fuel and the air, and facilitates the ignition process of a lean mixture when used with a suitably adapted, extended electric spark ignition. The invention is also applicable to an engine of the diesel type and to two cycle engines.

Claims15

Dependent claims

In an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder with a combustion chamber, a piston disposed coaxially, slidably, reciprocally movable between an upper and lower dead center position inside said cylinder, said piston having generally horizontal upper surfaces, said cylinder having an intake port and an exhaust port, means for opening and closing said ports in a timed relationship with the movement of said piston, means for delivery of fuel and air to said cylinder, means for igniting fuel and air combined in said cylinder, means for transfer of energy produced from the expansion of hot gasses resulting from the combustion of said combination of fuel and air, from said piston to an external recipient of said energy, the improvement further comprising:

a first combustion chamber section defined by part of the upper surface of said piston, and the top of the cylinder walls;
a second combustion chamber section defined by the walls and the top of said cylinder, and the upper surface of a piston extension;
said piston extension coordinated with said second combustion chamber section such that said piston extension is slidably received inside said second combustion chamber section, and such that gas captured inside said second combustion chamber section is compressed, and wherein said piston extension and said second combustion chamber section have coordinated air passages such disposed that during the last part of the piston's upward movement, said air passages become partially overlapping, thereby providing a common passage for the gas contained in compressed condition in said second combustion chamber section to said first combustion chamber section, such that the gas contained therein can escape, thereby imparting to the gas in said first combustion chamber section an agitated swirling motion.

In an internal combustion four-cycle engine comprising at least one cylinder with a combustion chamber, a piston disposed coaxially, slidably inside said cylinder, said piston having generally horizontal upper surfaces, said combustion chamber having an intake port with an intake valve, said intake port connected to the atmosphere and an exhaust port with exhaust valve for expelling spent exhaust gasses, a connecting rod connecting said piston with a crankshaft, said combustion chamber having an injection nozzle for injecting liquid fuel into said combustion chamber, operating and timing means for operating said valves and said injection nozzle in a timed relationship with said crankshaft, the improvement further comprising:

a first combustion chamber section defined by cylinder walls, cylinder top, inner surface of exhaust valve and part of upper piston surface, said combustion chamber having a fuel injection nozzle;
a second combustion chamber section defined by cylinder walls, cylinder top, inner surface of intake valve and the upper surface of a piston extension;
said piston extension coordinated with said second combustion chamber section, such that said piston extension slides into said second combustion chamber section during the later part of the piston's upward movement and occupies said second combustion chamber section, thereby compressing the air contained in said second combustion chamber section to a higher pressure than the pressure in said first combustion chamber sections;
said piston extension and said second combustion chamber section having coordinated air passages, such disposed that air pasages during the last part of the piston's upward movement overlap and provide an escape passage for the air compressed in said second combustion chamber section to said first combustion chamber section, such that said compressed air is expelled into said first combustion chamber section, thereby imparting to the compressed air in said first combustion chamber section an agitated swirling motion.

1 more element

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Facts

Application: 06/325,141Filed 27 Nov 1981
Granted: 5 Apr 1983
Term ends: Not estimatedThe source records don’t support an estimate.

Classification10 codes

F02F 3/24
Pistons: having means for guiding gases in cylinders, e.g. for guiding scavenging charge in two-stroke engines
F02B 19/04
The chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder: the isolation being effected by a protuberance on piston or cylinder head
F02B 1/04
With positive ignition: with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
F02B 3/06
Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition: with compression ignition