Toner transfer development using alternating electric field

A developing apparatus for image development by developer transition to a latent image from a developer supporting member spaced from a latent image bearing member, comprising:

• means for providing the developer supporting member with a developer formed into substantially spherical particles;
• means for positioning said developer supporting member in such a manner as to form a space gap between the surface layer of said spherical developer particles supported on said developer supporting member and said latent image bearing member;
• and
• means for applying an alternating electric field across said space gap.

A developing apparatus for effecting image development comprising:

• a non-magnetic rotatable member having a magnet roll therein;
• means for forming a layer of substantially spherically shaped magnetic toner particles on an outer surface of said rotatable member;
• means for positioning said rotatable member in an opposed relationship to an image bearing member while maintaining a clearance between said layer of magnetic toner and said image bearing member;
• means for forming a repulsive magnetic field in the area of said clearance;
• and
• means for applying an alternating electric field across said clearance.

A developing apparatus for effecting image development comprising;

• a non-magnetic rotatable member having a magnet roll therein;
• means for forming a layer of substantially spherically shaped magnetic toner particles on an outer surface of said rotatable member;
• means for positioning said rotary member in an opposed relationship to an image bearing member while maintaining a clearance between said layer of said magnetic toner and said image bearing member;
• further comprising a magnetic pole causing a magnetic field component parallel to the surface of said non-magnetic rotary member in the area of said clearance;
• and
• means for applying an alternating electric field across said clearance.