Coal gasification apparatus

Coal hydrogenation apparatus comprising:

• a reaction vessel having (1) a vertically disposed tubular wall with an upper end and a lower end, the inner surface of said tubular wall circumscribing a reaction chamber, (2) a cover attached to the upper end of said tubular wall, (3) a coal inlet in said cover, (4) a plurality of flow passages located in direct heat transfer relation within said tubular wall and extending vertically from the lower portion thereof toward said cover, said flow passages being circumferentially spaced apart from one another in said tubular wall, and (5) a plurality of feed holes located within said tubular wall and respectively communicating with said flow passages and the interior of said reaction chamber, said plurality of feed holes comprising:
• a plurality of first feed holes equidistant from said cover;
• and a plurality of second feed holes equidistant from said cover and located between said cover and said first feed holes, wherein a plurality of said flow passages are joined together within said tubular wall between said first feed holes and said second feed holes;
• and
• means for forcing hydrogen through said flow passages and said feed holes into the interior of said vessel.