Volume ventilator

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of a patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered air/oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus,
• control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means cooperating with said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• said control means comprising control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means to mix and deliver said air/oxygen gas mixture to said gas flow control apparatus and for controlling the operation of said gas flow control apparatus for supplying to said patient breathing apparatus said air/oxygen gas mixture at said prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration, and
• facilities for supplying said air/oxygen gas mixture at a continuous positive airway pressure,
• said facilities comprising
• a flexible bellows assembly having an internal storage chamber,
• conduit means fluidically connecting said gas flow apparatus to said internal chamber for storing therein an air/oxygen gas mixture receivable from said gas flow control apparatus during an inspiration cycle of said ventilator,
• means exerting a continuous positive pressure on an air/oxygen mixture stored in said internal chamber,
• said gas flow control apparatus comprises means for selectively coupling said air/oxygen mixture at a continuous positive airway pressure from said conduit means to said patient breathing apparatus during both inspiration and expiration cycles of said ventilator,
• said patient breathing apparatus comprises
• a device for patient breathing,
• an expiratory valve coupled to said device for selectively controlling the pressure against which a patient inhales and exhales,
• said expiratory valve comprising an inlet coupled to said device, an outlet coupled to the atmosphere and an internal chamber housing an inflatable diaphragm inflatably connected to an expiration control tube, and
• said gas flow control apparatus further comprises
• a multiport expiratory valve having a first port coupled to said expiration control tube, a second port coupled to said conduit means and a third port coupled to a patient breathing apparatus and said multiport expiratory valve being operable under control of said control circuitry during inspiration and expiration cycles of said ventilator for coupling said first port to a selectable individual one of the second and third ports for inflating said diaphragm to occlude said inlet when the pressure within the inflated diaphragm is equal to and greater than the pressure at said inlet and thereby to provide a positive pressure against which the patient inhales and exhales to the atmosphere.

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of a patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus, and
• control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means cooperating with said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• said control means comprising control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means by controlling the flow of air and oxygen through said driving and air/oxygen mixing mixing means during an inhalation cycle of said ventilator to simultaneously receive and store a predetermined volume of oxygen gas, mix a previously stored predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture, store said predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture, and deliver a previously stored tidal volume of air/oxygen to said gas flow control apparatus, and
• a continuous positive airway pressure means operably connected with said control circuitry, said gas flow control apparatus and said patient breathing apparatus for storing an oxygen gas mixture received from said gas flow control apparatus and for exerting a continuous positive pressure thereon and for subjecting said stored air/oxygen gas mixture under continuous positive pressure to said patient breathing apparatus during both inhalation and exhalation cycle of the ventilator against which a patient breathes during inhalation and exhalation.

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of a patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus, and
• control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means cooperating with said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• said control means comprising control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means to mix and deliver said air/oxygen gas mixture to said gas flow control apparatus and for controlling the operation of said gas flow control apparatus for supplying to said patient breathing apparatus said air/oxygen gas mixture at said prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration, and
• said driving and air/oxygen mixing means comprises
• chambers means for receiving and storing a predetermined volume of oxygen gas receivable from a source and for mixing said predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture and delivering said air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control means,
• and wherein said control circuitry is activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means by controlling the flow of air and oxygen through said chamber means during an inhalation cycle of said ventilator to simultaneously receive and store a predetermined volume of oxygen gas, mix a previously stored predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture, store said predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture, and deliver a previously stored tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control means,
• said ventilator further comprising a continuous positive airway pressure assembly means operably connected with said gas flow control apparatus, said control circuitry and said patient breathing apparatus for providing a continuous positive airway pressure on said air/oxygen mixture in said gas flow control apparatus during both inspiration and expiration cycles of said ventilator against which a patient breathes during inhalation and exhalation, and
• the gas flow control apparatus comprises valve means controlled by said control circuitry for delivering to said patient breathing apparatus said air/oxygen mixture at said prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate, inspiration-to-expiration ratio and continuous positive pressure.

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus, and
• control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• characterized in that
• said control means comprises control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and oxygen mixing means to mix and deliver said air/oxygen gas mixture to said gas flow control apparatus and for controlling the operation of said gas flow control apparatus for supplying to said patient breathing apparatus said air/oxygen gas mixture at said prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration, and
• said driving and air/oxygen mixing means comprise
• a first chamber for receiving a prescribed volume of oxygen from a source of oxygen during an inspiration cycle of the ventilator,
• a second chamber for storing the volume of oxygen transferrable from said first chamber during a subsequent expiration cycle of said ventilator,
• exhaust valve means actuatable by said control circuitry during said expiration cycle for communicating said oxygen from said first chamber to said second chamber,
• a third chamber for storing an oxygen mixture in response to oxygen transferrable thereto from said second chamber,
• transfer valve means actuatable by said control circuitry during a succeeding inspiration cycle of said ventilator for communicating oxygen from said second chamber to said third chamber,
• a fourth chamber for storing the oxygen mixture transferrable from said third chamber during a subsequent expiration cycle of said ventilator, and
• means responsive during a subsequent inspiration cycle of said ventilator for expelling said oxygen mixture from said fourth chamber to said gas flow control apparatus.

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of a patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus, means for supplying a source of oxygen under pressure to said driving and air/oxygen mixing means, and control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means cooperating with said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• said control means comprising control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means to mix and deliver said air/oxygen gas mixture to said gas flow control apparatus and for controlling the operation of said gas flow control apparatus for supplying to said patient breathing apparatus said air/oxygen mixture at said prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration, and
• said driving and air/oxygen mixing means comprises
• a driving chamber for receiving said oxygen under pressure during an inspiration cycle of the ventilator from said supplying means,
• a storing chamber for storing the oxygen receivable from said driving chamber,
• valve means controlled by said control circuitry during an expiration cycle of said ventilator for communicating the oxygen from said driving chamber to said storing chamber,
• a mixing bellows mounted within said storing chamber and having an interior bellows mixing chamber for storing an air/oxygen mixture,
• valve means controlled by said control circuitry during an inspiration cycle of said ventilator for communicating some or all of the oxygen from said storing chamber to said bellows mixing chamber,
• valve means actuatable during an inspiration cycle of said ventilator in response to differential pressures for exhausting oxygen in said storing chamber to the atmosphere and for mixingly admitting air into said bellows mixing chamber,
• a drive bellows mounted within said driving chamber and having an interior drive bellows chamber for storing an air/oxygen mixture,
• means operable during an expiration cycle of said ventilator for communicating the air/oxygen mixture from said bellows mixing chamber to said drive bellows chamber,
• means communicating the air/oxygen mixture in said drive bellows chamber to said gas flow control apparatus.

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of a patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered air/oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus,
• said driving and air/oxygen mixing means comprises
• chamber means for receiving and storing a predetermined volume of oxygen gas receivable from a source and for mixing said predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture and delivering said air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control apparatus, and
• control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means cooperating with said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• said control means further comprising control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means by controlling the flow of air and oxygen through said chamber means during an inhalation cycle of said ventilator to simultaneously receive and store a predetermined volume of oxygen gas, mix a previously stored predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined volume of air/oxygen mixture, store said predetermined volume of air/oxygen mixture, and deliver a previously stored tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control apparatus,
• said control circuitry comprises
• calculations circuitry responsive to settings of said adjustment means for furnishing control signals for determining prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration and the air/oxygen concentration of said predetermined volume of air/oxygen gas mixture, and
• said driving and air/oxygen mixing means comprises a delivery chamber fluidically connected to said gas flow control apparatus and a driving chamber operably connected to said delivery chamber for forcing air/oxygen mixture from said delivery chamber,
• further comprising
• a plurality of flow valve means actuable for delivering oxygen gas from a source to said driving chamber, and
• said control circuitry further comprises circuitry responsive to furnished ones of said control signals for actuating predetermined ones of said valve means for delivering said oxygen gas to said driving chamber during an inspiration cycle of said ventilator.

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of a patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus, and
• said driving and air/oxygen mixing means comprises
• chamber means for receiving and storing a predetermined volume of oxygen gas receivable from a source and for mixing said predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture and delivering said air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control apparatus, and
• control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means cooperating with said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• characterized in that
• said control means comprising control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means by controlling the flow of air and oxygen through said chamber means during an inhalation cycle of said ventilator to simultaneously receive and store a predetermined volume of oxygen gas, mix a previously stored predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture, store said predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture, and deliver a previously stored tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control apparatus,
• facilities for supplying said air/oxygen gas mixture at a continuous positive airway pressure, and
• said control circuitry selectively operates said driving and air/oxygen mixing means, gas flow control apparatus, facilities and the patient breathing apparatus in an automatic mode for delivering a mandatory volume of said air/oxygen gas mixture at said continuous positive airway pressure to said patient breathing apparatus for patient ventilation even if the patient respiratory drive ceases completely.

A volume ventilator for artificial ventilation of a patient during inspiration and expiration cycles of the ventilator comprising

• patient breathing apparatus,
• gas flow control apparatus operably connected to said patient breathing apparatus for supplying a delivered air/oxygen gas mixture to said breathing apparatus,
• a driving and air/oxygen mixing means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and controllable for delivering a prescribed mixture of air/oxygen gas to said flow control apparatus,
• said driving and air/oxygen mixing means comprises
• chamber means for receiving and storing a predetermined volume of oxygen gas receivable from a source and for mixing said predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture and delivering said air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control apparatus, and
• control means operably connected to said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means including
• adjustment means cooperating with said flow control apparatus and said driving and air/oxygen mixing means for setting a prescribed minute volume, respiratory rate and inspiration-to-expiration ratio,
• said control means comprising control circuitry activated by settings of said adjustment means for controlling the driving and air/oxygen mixing means by controlling the flow of air and oxygen through said chamber means during an inhalation cycle of said ventilator to simultaneously receive and store a predetermined volume of oxygen gas, mix a previously stored predetermined volume of oxygen with air to provide a predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture, stored said predetermined tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture and deliver a previously stored tidal volume of air/oxygen mixture to said gas flow control apparatus, and
• said ventilator is equipped with facilities for supplying said air/oxygen mixture at a continuous positive airway pressure,
• said facilities comprising
• a flexible bellows assembly having an internal storage chamber,
• conduit means fluidically connecting said gas flow apparatus to said internal chamber for storing therein an air/oxygen gas mixture receivable from said gas flow control apparatus during an inspiration cycle of said ventilator and
• means exerting a continuous positive pressure on an air/oxygen mixture stored in said internal chamber, and
• said gas flow control apparatus comprises means for selectively coupling said air/oxygen mixture at a continuous positive airway pressure from said conduit means to said patient breathing apparatus during both inspiration and expiration cycles of said ventilator.