Piles
OwnerStanley Merjaninventor
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
During the driving of a pile having an enlarged tip, uplift capacity is provided by pouring concrete into the annular space around the pile stem.
Claims23
Process which comprises driving a pile having a hollow stem and an enlarged preformed lower tip, which tip has a diameter of at least 19 inches, through overlying non-bearing soil into an underlying bearing layer of sand in which the driving causes said enlarged tip to penetrate into said underlying layer and the driving is continued into said underlying layer until the resistance to the driving force shows that the designed load bearing capacity of the pile has been attained, said tip having a central, upwardly open, socket and the bottom part of said stem being fitted in said socket, the driving of said enlarged tip forming an annular space around said stem above said tip and above said underlying layer, said method including the steps of supplying wet, flowable, concrete to said annular space during said driving to form an annular body of said flowable concrete in said annular space and in contact with said stem and with the soil surrounding said annular space, permitting said flowable concrete to set after said driving is completed, providing tying means for transmitting uplift forces at the top of said stem and including reinforcing rods extending through said stem from the top of said stem into said bottom part of said stem within said socket, filling said hollow stem with unhardened concrete and permitting said concrete to set in said stem and around said reinforcing rods, said stem being secured to said tip in such fashion that uplift forces are transmitted to said tip, forming a group of piles by driving at least one other pile adjacent to the first-mentioned pile and casting concrete over said group and around said tying means to form a pile-supported structure, said hardened concrete in said annular space increasing the uplift capacity of said first-mentioned pile, the relationship between said pile and the soil being such that any load bearing support contributed by the concrete surrounding the stem by frictional contact between said surrounding concrete and the soil is less than 5% of the load bearing support contributed by said tip;
- the dimensions or said tip and stem being such that the width of the annular space around the stem is at least about 6 inches and the length of the stem in the soil is not over about 30 feet, said tying means being constructed and arranged so as to have sufficient strengths to transmit an uplift force of 52.5 tons per pile to said stem.
A load-carrying pile in place in the ground said pile having a concrete-filled hollow stem extending through overlying non-bearing soil and having an enlarged preformed lower tip which has a diameter of at least 19 inches and which is embedded in an underlying bearing layer of sand penetrated by said tip and thereby supporting said pile, said tip having a central, upwardly open, socket and the bottom part of said stem being fitted in said socket, an annular body of set concrete around and in contact with said stem and with the soil of said overlying layer, which body of concrete has been set while in said contact with said soil and has substantially the same diameter as the widest diameter of said tip, the upper portion of said pile having typing means for transmitting uplift forces to said pile from a structure supported by said pile and including reinforcing rods extending through said stem from the top of said stem into said bottom part of said stem within said socket, said stem being secured to said tip in such fashion that uplift forces are transmitted to said tip, said annular concrete body being in sufficient contact with said soil and said stem to restrain said pile from undesired upward movement in response to said uplift forces, the relationship between said pile and the soil being such that any load bearing support contributed by the concrete surrounding the stem by frictional contact between said surrounding concrete and the soil is less than 5% of the load bearing support contributed by said tip;
- the dimensions of said tip and stem being such that the width of the annular space around the stem is at least about 6 inches and the length of the stem in the soil is not over about 30 feet, said tying means being constructed and arranged so as to have sufficient strength to transmit an uplift force of 52.5 tons per pile to said stem.
A driven load-carrying pile in place in the ground, said pile having a concrete-filled hollow stem extending through at least one overlying layer of soil and having a preformed lower tip which is embedded by the driving of said pile in an underlying bearing layer of sand compacted by the driving of said tip into said sand and thereby supporting said pile, said tip having a central, upwardly open, socket and the bottom part of said stem being fitted in said socket, said tip being of reinforced concrete and tapered to increase in diameter from its bottom upwards for an axial distance of at least 2 feet, the taper being less than about 3 inches per foot and the axial height of the tip being at least about 2 feet said stem having a cross-sectional area less than half that of the upper portion of said tip, said stem being in contact with the soil of said overlying layer, said driven tip being resistant to uplift from said underlying layer, said pile having tying means for transmitting uplift forces to said tip from a structure supported by said pile and including reinforcing rods extending through said stem from the bottom of said stem into said bottom part of said stem within said socket, said stem being secured to said tip in such fashion that uplift forces are transmitted to said tip, the length of said stem in the soil being not over about 30 feet, said tying means being constructed and arranged so as to have sufficient strength to transmit an uplift force of about 29 tons per pile to said stem.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.