# US 4,279,207 A · Fluid bed combustion

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- Number: US 4,279,207 A
- Document ID: US4279207A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/031,782
- Filed: 1979-04-20
- Granted: 1981-07-21
- Earliest claimed: 1979-04-20
- Assignees: Wormser Engineering, Inc.
- Inventors: Alex F. Wormser
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4279207A

## CPC

- B01J 8/28: the one above the other
- F22B 31/0007: {with combustion in a fluidized bed}
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- F22B: METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS

## Abstract

A fluid bed reactor in which a gas is reacted with small particles of solid, rubbed off in the fluid bed from larger particles of solid.

## Claims

### Claim 1

The method of combustion which comprises
providing a layer of a first particulate material supported on a first distributor plate,
said first particulate material being incombustible,
fluidizing said first particulate material with a stream of air to provide a first fluidized bed,
said first fluidized bed being contained in a first zone of height proper to prevent loss of said first particulate material,
introducing into said first fluidized bed a minor proportion of a flowable combustible fuel,
burning said flowable combustible fuel in said air to form combustion gas,
providing downstream of said first fluidized bed a second layer of a second particulate material supported on a second distributor plate,
said second particulate material containing a sorbent for a component of said combustion gas,
fluidizing said second particulate material by passing said combustion gas through said second distributor plate to provide a second fluidized bed,
said second fluidized bed being contained in a second zone of height proper to prevent loss of said second particulate material,
transporting said combustion gas against discrete objects too heavy to be moved by said combustion gas flow to slow velocity into said second fluidized bed,
providing a quantity of microchips by interparticle collision in said second fluidized bed at a rate to provide new reactive surface area as fast as reaction depletes formerly reactive surface area,
introducing into said second fluidized bed a nonsorbent ballast, and
controlling the depth of said second fluidized bed in order to control fluidization and elutriation.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 in which said flowable combustible fuel is crushed coal.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 in which said sorbent is a desulfurizer.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The process of claim 3 in which said objects are rocks.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The process of claim 3 in which the active desulfurizing ingredient in said sorbent feed material is calcium carbonate.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The process of claim 5 in which said second fluidized bed is at a temperature in the range of 1450.degree. F. to 1600.degree. F.

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The process of claim 5 in which said second particulate material is of size in the range of plus 1/4" minus 1".

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 in which said objects cover bubble caps in said second distributor plate and through which said combustion gas moves.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 in which fluidizing velocity in said second fluidized bed is from 2 to 4 times minimum fluidizing velocity.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 in which the depth of said second fluidized bed is in the range 4" to 9".

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1 in which a relatively finer, more easily fluidizable second particulate material is used at startup than during steady-state operation.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The process of claim 11 in which no nonsorbent particulate is introduced into said second fluidizing zone during startup.