# US 4,253,409 A · Coal burning arrangement

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- Number: US 4,253,409 A
- Document ID: US4253409A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/046,029
- Filed: 1979-06-06
- Granted: 1981-03-03
- Earliest claimed: 1975-08-15
- Assignees: Wormser Engineering, Inc.
- Inventors: Alex F. Wormser
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4253409A

## CPC

- B01J 8/26: with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
- F23C 6/04: in series connection (consuming smoke or fumes in separate combustion apparatus F23G7/06)
- F23C 10/08: characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23G 7/065: {using gaseous or liquid fuel}
- F23L 15/00: Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23C 2206/101: Entrained or fast fluidised bed
- Y02E 20/34: Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- F23C: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN {A CARRIER GAS OR} AIR (burners F23D)
- F23G: CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23L: SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ({air-supply arrangements for fluent fuels F23C;} firebridges with means for feeding air or steam F23M3/04; baffles or shields with air supply passages F23M9/04); VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS {(dampers and throat restrictors for open fire-places F24; air inlet valves for open fire fronts F24)}; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

Pyrolyzing pulverized coal to form char and volatiles, separating the char from the volatiles, burning the char in heat-transfer relationship with a stoichiometric excess of air, forming thereby ash and a mixture of gases, the excess of air being chosen to produce in the ash a temperature below the fusion temperature thereof, separating the mixture of gases from the ash, and thereafter burning the volatiles in the mixture of gases. Also, coal burning apparatus which comprises, in combination a spouted bed pyrolyzer, a fluidized bed combustor, a first cyclone, a second cyclone, and an afterburner, the pyrolyzer being connected to accept pulverized coal and to discharge char to the combustor and gaseous materials with entrained particulate material to the first cyclone, the first cyclone being connected to deliver gases to the afterburner, the combustor being connected to accept also a combustion supporting gas and to deliver to the second cyclone gaseous materials with entrained particulate material, and the second cyclone being connected to deliver gaseous material to the afterburner.

## Claims

### Claim 1

The method of burning coal which comprises the steps of
introducing pulverized coal into a fluidized bed pyrolyzer,
carrying out in said pyrolyzer a reaction to produce char and volatiles,
introducing sorbent at or downstream of said pyrolyzer to react with said volatiles to produce desulfurized volatiles and sulfur-bearing sorbent containing sulfur taken from said volatiles,
separating the char from the volatiles,
separating the sulfur-bearing sorbent from the volatiles,
introducing the char into a fluidized bed burner,
introducing into the burner a stoichiometric excess of air, said excess of air being chosen to produce an ash temperature below the fusion temperature thereof,
burning the char with the stoichiometric excess of air to form thereby dry ash and a mixture of gases,
reacting said mixture of gases in or downstream of said burner with said sulfur-bearing sorbent or with a second sorbent to produce a desulfurized mixture of gases and a second sulfur-bearing sorbent,
separating the ash from the mixture of gases,
separating said second sulfur-bearing sorbent from the mixture of gases, and
burning said desulfurized volatiles in said desulfurized mixture of gases.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein said char is separated from said volatiles after said volatiles are desulfurized by said sorbent.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 wherein said char and sulfur-bearing sorbent are simultaneously separated from said desulfurized volatiles.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein said ash and second sulfur-bearing sorbent are simultaneously separated from said desulfurized mixture of gases.