Process for sulfonation
AssigneeStepan Chemical Company
InventorsMarvin L. Nussbaum, Edward A. Knaggs
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A technique for sulfonating petroleum oil feed stocks which materially increases the extent of reaction between the sulfonatable components present in the feed stock and sulfur trioxide, and yields an improved sulfonated product. The invention provides a method which includes forming a liquid mixture of a petroleum oil feed stock and an organic additive, feeding such mixture to a reaction zone, and contacting the mixture with a reactable sulfur trioxide material. The additive appears to promote continuity of materials during the reaction in such a way that substantially homogeneous product compositions are obtained. The invention also includes the so-attained reaction products. Methods of neutralizing, digesting, purifying and other treatments to improve product utility are taught.
Claims43
A process for the preparation of petroleum sulfonates comprising the step of intimately contacting from about 5 to 40 parts by weight of sulfur trioxide with each 100 parts by weight of a flowable liquid mixture which comprises on a 100 weight percent total mixture basis,
- (A) from about 85 to 99.5 weight percent of a petroleum oil feed stock, and
- (B) from about 0.5 to 15 weight percent of an additive, said petroleum oil stock being characterized by
- (a.sub.1) having an API gravity ranging from about 5.degree. to 60.degree. at 60.degree. F.,
- (a.sub.2) having a boiling point (corrected atmospheric) ranging from about -20.degree. to 1400.degree. F., and
- (a.sub.3) containing from about 10 to 95 weight percent (100 weight percent total stock basis) of sulfonatable components,
- said additive being characterized by
- (b.sub.1) being comprised of unsulfonatable organic radical portions possessing an average molecular weight range from about 55 to 6000,
- (b.sub.2) having a boiling point in the range from about 212.degree. to 932.degree. F. corrected atmospheric, and
- (b.sub.3) a preponderance of such radicals each having attached at least one proton replaceable by a sulfo group and at least one moiety selected from the group consisting of an aromatic nucleus, an olefinic carbon pair, and an oxygen atom directly bonded to a carbon atom by at least one bond, said contacting being conducted at a temperature of from about 77.degree. to 392.degree. F., said contacting being continued for a time at least sufficient to sulfonate at least about 10 weight percent of the total sulfonatable components present in said petroleum oil stock.
A process for the preparation of petroleum sulfonates comprising the step of intimately contacting from about 5 to 40 parts by weight of sulfur trioxide with each 100 parts by weight of a flowable liquid mixture which comprises on a 100 weight percent total mixture basis
- (A) from about 85 to 99.5 weight percent of a petroleum oil feed stock, and
- (B) from about 0.5 to 15 weight percent of an additive, said petroleum oil stock being characterized by
- (a.sub.1) having an API gravity ranging from about 5.degree. to 60.degree. at 60.degree. F.,
- (a.sub.2) having a boiling point (corrected atmospheric) ranging from about -20.degree. to 1400.degree. F., and
- (a.sub.3) containing from about 10 to 95 weight percent (100 weight percent total stock basis) of sulfonatable components,
- said additive being characterized by
- (b.sub.1) being comprised of unsulfonatable organic radical portions possessing an average molecular weight range from about 55 to 6000,
- (b.sub.2) having a boiling point in the range from about 212.degree. to 932.degree. F. corrected atmospheric, and
- (b.sub.3) a preponderance of such radicals each having attached at least one proton replaceable by a sulfo group and at least one aromatic nucleus directly bonded to a carbon atom by at least one bond,
- said contacting being conducted at a temperature of from about 77.degree. to 392.degree. F., said contacting being continued for a time at least sufficient to sulfonate at least about 10 weight percent of the total sulfonatable components present in said petroleum oil stock.
A process for the preparation of petroleum sulfonates comprising the step of intimately contacting from about 5 to 40 parts by weight of sulfur trioxide with each 100 parts by weight of a flowable liquid mixture which comprises on a 100 weight percent total mixture basis,
- (A) from about 85 to 99.5 weight percent of a petroleum oil feed stock, and
- (B) from about 0.5 to 15 weight percent of an additive,
- said petroleum oil stock being characterized by
- (a.sub.1) having an API gravity ranging from about 5.degree. to 60.degree. at 60.degree. F.,
- (a.sub.2) having a boiling point (corrected atmospheric) ranging from about -20.degree. to 1400.degree. F., and
- (a.sub.3) containing from about 10 to 95 weight percent (100 weight percent total stock basis) of sulfonatable components,
- said additive being characterized by
- (b.sub.1) being comprised of unsulfonatable organic radical portions possessing an average molecular weight range from about 55 to 6000,
- (b.sub.2) having a boiling point in the range from about 212.degree. to 932.degree. F. corrected atmospheric, and
- (b.sub.3) a preponderance of such radicals each having attached at least one proton replaceable by a sulfo group and at least one olefinic carbon pair directly bonded to a carbon atom by at least one bond,
- said contacting being conducted at a temperature of from about 77.degree. to 392.degree. F., said contacting being continued for a time at least sufficient to sulfonate at least about 10 weight percent of the total sulfonatable components present in said petroleum oil stock.
A process for the preparation of petroleum sulfonates comprising the step of intimately contacting from about 5 to 40 parts by weight of sulfur trioxide with each 100 parts by weight of a flowable liquid mixture which comprises on a 100 weight percent total mixture basis,
- (A) from about 85 to 99.5 weight percent of a petroleum oil feed stock, and
- (B) from about 0.5 to 15 weight percent of an additive,
- said petroleum oil stock being characterized by
- (a.sub.1) having an API gravity ranging from about 5.degree. to 60.degree. at 60.degree. F.,
- (a.sub.2) having a boiling point (corrected atmospheric) ranging from about -20.degree. to 1400.degree. F., and
- (a.sub.3) containing from about 10 to 95 weight percent (100 weight percent total stock basis) of sulfonatable components,
- said additive being characterized by
- (b.sub.1) being comprised of unsulfonatable organic radical portions possessing an average molecular weight range from about 55 to 6000,
- (b.sub.2) having a boiling point in the range from about 212.degree. to 932.degree. F. corrected atmospheric, and
- (b.sub.3) a preponderance of such radicals each having attached at least one proton replaceable by a sulfo group and at least one oxygen atom directly bonded to a carbon atom by at least one bond,
- said contacting being conducted at a temperature of from about 77.degree. to 392.degree. F., said contacting being continued for a time at least sufficient to sulfonate at least about 10 weight percent of the total sulfonatable components present in said petroleum oil stock.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.