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US 4,144,110 AGranted
Dynamic friction bonding process
OwnerJane Lucinventor
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A process to create or modify adhesive properties between two materials without the use of any adhesive substance, characterized in that a solid surface belonging either to an intervening layer placed in contact with at least one of said materials or to at least one of said materials, is subjected to a friction created by means of a frictional tool.
Claims9
A process for improving the properties of a predetermined portion of a non-resin material in the solid state by which the material is enabled to bond to another substance, the non-resin solid state material being a material selected from the group consisting essentially of metals and ceramics and having a plurality of surfaces, a surface of the solid state material which is adjacent the predetermined portion having improved bonding properties in response to the process, the process comprising the step of:
- treating adjacent the predetermined portion of solid state material with dynamic friction either:
- (i) the solid state material which is to have the bonding properties of at least one of its surfaces improved, the treatment of the material in the solid state occurring upon any surface of the solid state material which is out of contact with any substance to which the solid state material is intended to be bonded, or;
- (ii) a layer of material which is adjacent and unbonded to any surface of the solid state material which is to have the bonding properties of at least one of its surfaces improved, the layer being adapted to transmit the effects of the dynamic friction to any surface of the solid state material which is to have its bonding properties improved, the layer remaining unbonded to the solid state material after the treating, the treatment of the layer occurring during the condition in which the solid state material is to have its bonding properties improved is out of contact with a substance with which a bond is intended to be formed;
- and
- the treatment adjacent the predetermined portion of the solid state material with dynamic friction being carried out without any excessive abrasion of either the surface or the layer to which the dynamic friction is applied and including the application of dynamic friction produced by means of relative motion between a tool in engagement with either the surface of the solid state material or the layer of material adjacent any surface of the solid state material, said tool being applied with pressure sufficient to create, during the condition in which the tool is engaged to one of the surface and the layer, continuous reciprocal contact between the surface and the substance, the engagement of said tool and the portion of the tool applying dynamic friction being insufficient to cause excessive abrasion of either the surface or the layer with which said tool is in engagement and the surface speed of relative motion between said tool and either the surface or the layer being in a range extending upwardly from about 0.75 meters per second, the application of dynamic friction being in accordance with predetermined parameters which are necessary for the effecting of an improvement in the bonding properties of the solid state material, the improvement being effected substantially independently of the surface finish of the solid state material and without fusion of the solid state material, the parameters including the surface speed of the relative motion of, the pressure of, and the time duration of the engagement of the tool with either the solid state material or the layer, whereby the treating with dynamic friction improves the bonding properties of the non-resin solid state material.
2 more elements
A process for improving the properties of a predetermined portion of a non-resin material in the solid state by which the material is enabled to bond to another substance, the non-resin solid state material being a material selected from the group consisting essentially of metals and ceramics and having a plurality of surfaces, a surface of the solid state material which is adjacent the predetermined portion having improved bonding properties in response to the process, the process comprising the step of:
- treating adjacent the predetermined portion of the solid state material with dynamic friction either:
- (i) the solid state material which is to have the bonding properties of at least one of its surfaces improved, the treatment of the material in the solid state occurring upon any surface of the solid state material which is out of contact with any substance to which the solid state material is intended to be bonded, or;
- (ii) a layer of material which is adjacent and unbonded to any surface of the solid state material which is to have the bonding properties of at least one of its surfaces improved, the layer being adapted to transmit the effects of the dynamic friction to any surface of the solid state material which is to have its bonding properties improved, the layer remaining unbonded to the solid state material after the treating, the treatment of the layer occurring during the condition in which the solid state material is to have its bonding properties improved is out of contact with a substance with which a bond is intended to be formed;
- the treatment adjacent the predetermined portion of the solid state material with dynamic friction being carried out without any excessive abrasion of either the surface or the layer to which the dynamic friction is applied and including the application of dynamic friction produced by means of relative motion between a tool in engagement with either the surface of the solid state material or the layer of material adjacent any surface of the solid state material, the engagement of said tool and the portion of the tool applying dynamic friction being insufficient to cause excessive abrasion of either the surface or the layer with which said tool is in engagement and the surface speed of relative motion between said tool and either the surface or the layer being in a range extending upwardly from about 0.75 meters per second, the application of dynamic friction being in accordance with predetermined parameters which are necessary for the effecting of an improvement in the bonding properties of the solid state material, the improvement being effected substantially independently of the surface finish of the solid state material and without fusion of the solid state material, the parameters including the surface speed of the relative motion of, the pressure of, and the time duration of the engagement of the tool with either the solid state material or the layer, whereby the treating with dynamic friction improves the bonding properties of the non-resin solid state material;
- and
- applying a lubricant between the tool and one of the surface and the layer treated, the lubricant being applied in at least one of the conditions in which the tool and one of the surface and the layer treated are before and during engagement.
3 more elements
A process for improving the properties of a predetermined portion of a non-resin material in the solid state by which the material is enabled to bond to another substance, the non-resin solid state material being a material selected from the group consisting essentially of metals and ceramics and having a plurality of surfaces, a surface of the solid state material which is adjacent the predetermined portion having improved bonding properties in response to the process, the process comprising the step of:
- treating adjacent the predetermined portion of the solid state material with dynamic friction either:
- (i) the solid state material which is to have the bonding properties of at least one of its surfaces improved, the treatment of the material in the solid state occurring upon any surface of the solid state material which is out of contact with any substance to which the solid state material is intended to be bonded, or;
- (ii) a layer of material which is adjacent and unbonded to any surface of the solid state material which is to have the bonding properties of at least one of its surfaces improved, the layer being adapted to transmit the effects of the dynamic friction to any surface of the solid state material which is to have its bonding properties improved, the layer remaining unbonded to the solid state material after the treating, the treatment of the layer occurring during the condition in which the solid state material is to have its bonding properties improved is out of contact with a substance with which a bond is intended to be formed, and;
- the treatment adjacent the predetermined portion of the solid state material with dynamic friction being carried out without any excessive abrasion of either the surface or the layer to which the dynamic friction is applied and without fusion of the one surface of the material in the solid state and including the application of dynamic friction produced by means of relative motion between a tool in engagement with either the surface of the solid state material or the layer of material adjacent any surface of the solid state material, the dynamic friction being applied by a rotary element having its working surface disposed through a plurality of locations extending from adjacent the axis of rotation to the portion of the element of the greatest distance from the axis of rotation, the engagement of said tool and the portion of the tool applying dynamic friction being insufficient to cause excessive abrasion of either the surface of the layer with which said tool is in engagement and the surface speed of relative motion between said tool and either the surface or the layer being in a range extending upwardly from about 0.75 meters per second, the application of dynamic friction being in accordance with predetermined parameters which are necessary for the effecting of an improvement in the bonding properties of the solid state material, the improvement being effected substantially independently of the surface finish of the solid state material and without fusion of the solid state material, the parameters including the surface speed of the relative motion of, the pressure of, and the time duration of the engagement of the tool with either the solid state material or the layer, whereby the treating with dynamic friction improves the bonding properties of the non-resin solid state material.
1 more element
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.