Immunochemical assay method
AssigneeBiological Developments, Inc.
InventorStanley Joseph Gross
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Haptens and antigen derivatives are coupled, through an azo bond, to proteins to form a conjugated material. The conjugate is injected into laboratory animals to raise antibodies which are useful in immunochemically assaying for the original haptens and antigen derivatives. Included among the immunochemical assay methods are radio-immune assays and fluorescence methods.
Claims22
In a quantitative immunoassay for the presence of a target in a sample comprising producing a mixture of the sample, a known quantity of an antibody which is immunologically specific for the target, and a known quantity of a standard immunologically homologous to the target, so as to bind with said antibody competitively, one of said antibody and said standard having a covalently bonded derivative capable of emitting radiation from the mixture, providing for competitive antibody binding to take place and measuring the radiation emitted from a portion of the derivative, which radiation measurement is indicative of the relative proportions of target and standard binding with the antibody, and thus the amount of target present, the improvement comprising employing as the antibody, antibody raised by and specific to the hapten portion of a synthetic antigen comprising a plurality of hapten moieties covalently bound to a carrier, said moieties being immunologically homologous with the target and the hapten being bound by a --N.dbd.N-- group coupled directly to an otherwise unsubstituted ring atom of the hapten.
In a quantitative immunoassay for the presence of a target in a sample comprising producing a mixture of the sample, a known quantity of an antibody which is immunologically specific for the target, and a known quantity of a standard immunologically homologous to the target, so as to bind with said antibody competitively, one of said antibody and said standard having a covalently bonded derivative capable of emitting radiation from the mixture, providing for competitive antibody binding to take place and measuring the radiation emitted from a portion of the derivative, which radiation measurement is indicative of the relative proportions of target and standard binding with the antibody, and thus the amount of target present, the improvement comprising employing as the antibody, antibody raised by and specific to an antigen of formula:
- carrier--Ar--N.dbd.N--hapten!.sub.n
- in which "carrier" is an immunogenic carrier;
- Ar is an arylene radical to which the immunogenic carrier is linked through a connective group;
- the hapten is immunologically homologous to the target when coupled to the carrier through the arylene and azo groups, and has a ring with an unsubstituted ring atom bonded directly to the azo group;
- and n is an integer not exceeding the number of functional moieties available on the carrier to partake in forming said connective group.
In a quantitative radioimmune assay for the presence of a target in a sample comprising providing a mixture of the sample, a known quantity of a antibody which is immunologically specific for the target, and a known quantity of a standard immunologically homologous to the target so as to bind with said antibody competitively, one of the antibody and the standard having a covalently bonded radioisotopic derivative, providing for competitive antibody binding, separating bound derivative compound from unbound derivative compound and measuring the radiation emanating from one of said separated and unseparated derivative compounds to indicate the proportion of antibody bound to the standard, and thus the amount of target present, the improvement which comprises employing as the antibody, antibody raised by and specific to the hapten portion of a synthetic antigen comprising a plurality of hapten moieties covalently bound to a carrier, said moieties being immunologically homologous with the target and the hapten being bound by a --N.dbd.N-- group coupled directly to an otherwise unsubstituted ring atom of the hapten.
In a quantitative radioimmune assay for the presence of a target in a sample comprising providing a mixture of the sample, a known quantity of an antibody which is immunologically specific for the target, and a known quantity of a standard immunologically homologous to the target so as to bind with said antibody competitively, one of the antibody and the standard having a covalently bonded radioisotopic derivative, providing for competitive antibody binding, separating bound derivative compound from unbound derivative compound and measuring the radiation emanating from one of said separated and unseparated derivative compounds to indicate the proportion of antibody bound to the standard, and thus the amount of target present, the improvement which comprises employing as the antibody, antibody raised by and specific to an antigen of formula:
- carrier --Ar--N.dbd.N--hapten!.sub.n
- in which "carrier" is an immunogentic carrier;
- Ar is an arylene radical to which the immunogenic carrier is linked through a connective group;
- the hapten is immunologically homologous to the target when coupled to the carrier through the arylene and azo groups, and has a ring with an unsubstituted ring atom bonded directly to the azo group;
- and n is an integer not exceeding the number of functional moieties available on the carrier to partake in forming said connective group.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.