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US 4,064,324 AGranted
Metal-Halogenelectrochemical cell
AssigneeExxon Research & Engineering Co.
InventorDaniel J. Eustace
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An improved metal-halogen electrochemical cell particularly a zinc bromide cell, contains a water soluble organo substituted amino acid salt in the electrolyte which forms a substantially water insoluble liquid complex with cathodic halogen thereby reducing self-discharge of the cell.
Claims10
In an electrochemical cell having a metal anode wherein the metal is selected from zinc and cadmium;
- a bromine cathode;
- an aqueous electrolyte containing a metal bromide, the metal bromide having the same metal as the metal of the anode, the improvement comprising:
- a bromine complexing agent in said aqueous metal bromide electrolyte, said complexing agent consisting solely of a quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted alpha amino acid having the following formulas:
- ##STR9## wherein X.sup.31 is a halide anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are alkyl and haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which quaternary ammonium salt is soluble in water and forms a cathodically active halogen complex which is a substantially water immiscible liquid at temperatures in the range of from about 10.degree. to about 60.degree. C.
1 more element
An aqueous metal halogen secondary battery including a plurality of electrochemical cells, said electrochemical cells comprising a zinc anode;
- an inert counter-electrode;
- an aqueous electrolyte, said aqueous electrolyte consisting essentially of an aqueous zinc bromide solution and a cathodically active bromine complex, which complex is a liquid at temperatures below 60.degree. C and which complex is substantially water immiscible, said bromine complex being formed solely between bromine and a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted alpha amino acid, said salt being selected from those having the following formulas:
- ##STR10## wherein X-- is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkyl and haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
An aqueous zinc-bromine cell comprising:
- a zinc anode;
- a cathodically active bromine complex;
- an inert electrode;
- and an aqueous zinc bromide electrolyte said cathodically active bromine complex being formed solely between bromine and a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted amino acid selected from those having the general formulas:
- ##STR11## wherein X-- is a halide ion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkyl or haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and wherein said bromine complex of said N-organo substituted amino acid salt is a substantially water immiscible complex which is a liquid at temperatures ranging from about 10.degree. to about 60.degree. C.
2 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.