Process for preparation of aromatic amines
AssigneeE. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
InventorFrank Julian Weigert
Life of this patent
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Abstract
In the catalytic reaction of cyclohexane or an alkylated cyclohexane with ammonia to produce aniline or an alkylated aniline, the presence of water is beneficial in increasing the amount of aromatic amines produced, or in reducing the amount of undesired by-products, or both. The amount of water is 1 to 70 mole percent based on the total amount of the cyclohexane reactant and water used. The catalysts used are exemplified by zinc oxide, titanium oxide, etc.; metal compounds such as vanadates, molybdates and titanates; and cadmium sulfide, zinc selenide and the like.
Claims36
The process which consists in heating a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon of the formula ##STR4## with ammonia at 300.degree.-650.degree. C. to produce a compound of the formula ##STR5## wherein R and R.sup.1 individually are alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms and
- m and n individually are 0 or 1,
- where the heating is carried out in the presence of about 1 to 70 mole percent of water based on the total amount of water and the said cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon, at a contact time of about 0.1 second to about 10 minutes, and in the presence of a catalyst selected from:
- A. one or more oxides of Al, Cd, Ce, Fe, In, Sn, Ti, Th, Zn and Zr;
- B. vanadium oxide and one or more oxides of Ag, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cu, Eu, Fe, Gd, Hf, In, La, Mg, Mn Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, U and Zn;
- C. titanium oxide and one or more oxides of Bi, Cr, Cu, Mo, Pb, U and W;
- D. zinc oxide and one or more oxides of Cr, La, Mg, P, Si, Sb, W and the pair of Bi and Mo;
- E. aluminum oxide and one or more oxides of Cu, Eu, La, Mn, Pb and U;
- F. aluminum oxide, molybdenum oxide and one or more oxides of Ca, Cd, Ce, Cu, Er, Fe, In, La, Ni, Pb, Sm, Sr, Ti, U, Y and Zn;
- G. aluminum oxide, tungsten oxide and one or more oxides of Ca, Ce, Cu, Fe, In, La, Pb, Sm, Ti, U and Zn;
- H. aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and one or more oxides of Cr, Mg, Te and V;
- I. aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide and one or more oxides of Ag, Bi, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mg, Nb, Ni, Pb, Pr, Ru, Sm, Sr, V, Yb and Y;
- J. aluminum oxide, molybdenum oxide, bismuth oxide and one or more oxides of Ca, Cu, Pb, Ti and Zn;
- K. aluminum oxide, molybdenum oxide, zirconium oxide and one or more oxides of Ce, Ti and Zn;
- L. molybdenum oxide and one or more oxides of Cd, Ce, Cu, Fe, Gd, La, Mg, Mn, Nb, P, Pb, Ti and Zn;
- M. zinc oxide, titanium oxide and one or more oxides of Cr, La, Mg and Nb;
- and
- N. cdS;
- CoS;
- CdS/aluminum oxide;
- CdS/titanium oxide/aluminum oxide;
- chromium sulfide;
- ZnSe;
- ZnS;
- ZnTe;
- ZnS/aluminum oxide;
- CdS/ZnS/aluminum oxide;
- and WS.sub.2 ;
- O. aluminum oxide, vanadium oxide and one or more oxides of Ag, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cu, Ga, In, La, Mg, Pb, Sr, Y, Zn and Zr;
- and
- P. zinc oxide, titanium oxide, lanthanum oxide and one or more oxides of Al, Cd, Ce, Th and Zr.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.