Lubricants and functional fluids containing polyfunctional nitriles
AssigneeThe Lubrizol Corporation
InventorDonald Irvin Hoke
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Compositions useful as lubricants and functional fluids comprise an oleaginous liquid of lubricating viscosity, typically a mineral oil, and an oxygen-, sulfur- or nitrogen-containing polyfunctional nitrile. The preferred nitriles are cyanoethylation products of alcohols, mercaptans and amines, and especially of alcohols. The polyfunctional nitrile serves as a seal swelling agent and/or demulsifier.
Claims30
A composition comprising an oleaginous liquid of lubricating viscosity and about 0.001-20.0 parts by weight, per 100 parts of said oleaginous liquid, of at least one polyfunctional nitrile of the formula ##STR6## wherein:
- X is O or NR.sup.4 ;
- R.sup.1 is a monovalent or polyvalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having about 4-25 carbon atoms;
- each R.sup.2 is individually hydrogen or a lower hydrocarbon radical;
- R.sup.3 is hydrogen, a lower hydrocarbon radical, halogen, CN or COOR.sup.5 ;
- R.sup.4 is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon radical or ##STR7## R.sup.5 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical;
- m is the valence of R.sup.1 ;
- and
- n is an integer from 0 to 2.
A composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil and a minor amount, effective to cause swelling of seals in machinery, of 3-(2-ethylhexoxy)propionitrile.
A method of causing swelling of seals in machinery which comprises contacting said seals with a polyfunctional nitrile of the formula ##STR10## wherein:
- X is O or NR.sup.4 ;
- R.sup.6 is a monovalent or polyvalent hydrocarbon radical having about 4-25 carbon atoms;
- R.sup.2 is hydrogen or a lower hydrocarbon radical;
- R.sup.3 is hydrogen, a lower hydrocarbon radical, halogen, CN or COOR.sup.5 ;
- R.sup.4 is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon radical or ##STR11## R.sup.5 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical;
- n is an integer from 0 to 2;
- and
- p is the valence of R.sup.6.
A method of causing swelling of seals in automatic transmissions of motor vehicles which comprises contacting said seals with a composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil and a minor amount, effective to swell said seals, of 3-(2-ethylhexoxy)propionitrile.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.