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US 4,054,783 AGranted
Decompression plan device
AssigneeWisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
InventorsAli A. Seireg, Amr M. S. Baz
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A device for calculating decompression plans prior to an underwater dive, and for monitoring the depth of a diver during an actual dive and continuously computing a safe decompression plan. The many tissues of a diver which absorb and eliminate inert gas are approximated by a single tissue having different time constants of uptake and elimination of inert gas. These time constants and discrete values of supersaturation ratio may be chosen to allow calculating of diving plans which approximate diving schedules determined empirically.
Claims27
A decompression plan device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal corresponding thereto;
- b. computing means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and for computing an electrical output signal corresponding to the simulated tissue pressure due to the uptake and elimination of inert gases at the working depth pressure in a single simulated tissue having an uptake time constant and a different elimination time constant;
- and
- c. display means for receiving the tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio.
1 more element
A decompression plan device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for producing an electrical signal proportional to the expected working depth pressure of a dive;
- b. computing means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and for computing an electrical output signal corresponding to the simulated tissue pressure due to the uptake and elimination of inert gases in a single simulated tissue having an uptake time constant and a different elimination time constant;
- c. time at working depth control means for controlling said computing means to compute the simulated tissue pressure signal for a period of time corresponding to a chosen expected time at the working depth;
- and
- d. display means for receiving the tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio.
2 more elements
A decompression plan device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal corresponding thereto;
- b. integrator means having input and output terminals for providing a simulated tissue pressure output signal at the output terminal thereof that is the time integral of the signal provided to the input terminal thereof;
- c. circuit means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and the simulated tissue pressure signal from the output of said integrator means, and including
- 1. first circuit means for providing a signal to said integrator means input terminal equal to a chosen uptake time constant times the difference of the working depth pressure signal minus the simulated tissue pressure signal when the working depth pressure signal is greater than the tissue pressure signal;
- and
- 2. second circuit means for providing a signal to said integrator means input terminal equal to a chosen elimination time constant times the difference of the working depth pressure signal minus the simulated tissue pressure signal when the working depth pressure signal is less than the tissue pressure signal;
- and
- d. display means for receiving the tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio.
5 more elements
A decompression plan device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for producing an electrical signal proportional to the expected working depth pressure of a dive;
- b. integrator means having input and output terminals for providing a simulated tissue pressure output signal at the output terminal thereof that is the time integral of the signal provided to the input terminal thereof;
- c. circuit means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and the simulated tissue pressure signal, and including,
- 1. first circuit means for providing a signal to said integrator means input terminal equal to a chosen uptake time constant times the difference of the working depth pressure signal minus the simulated tissue pressure signal when the working depth pressure signal is greater than the tissue pressure signal, and
- 2. second circuit means for providing a signal to said integrator means input terminal equal to a chosen elimination time constant times the difference of the working depth pressure signal minus the simulated tissue pressure signal when the working depth pressure signal is less than the tissue pressure signal;
- d. time at working depth control means for controlling said integrator means to compute the simulated tissue pressure signal for a period of time corresponding to the expected time at the working depth;
- and
- e. display means for receiving said tissue pressure signal and displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the simulated tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio.
5 more elements
A decompression plan device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal corresponding thereto;
- b. computing means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and computing an electrical output signal corresponding to a simulated tissue pressure due to the uptake and elimination of inert gases at the working depth pressure in a single simulated tissue having an uptake time constant and a different elimination time constant;
- c. means for providing a signal corresponding to the initial tissue pressure of a diver and for combining the initial tissue pressure signal with the output signal of said computing means, with the combined signal corresponding to the diver's simulated tissue pressure;
- and
- d. display means for receiving the diver's simulated tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio.
2 more elements
A decompression plane device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal corresponding thereto;
- b. computing means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and for computing an electrical output signal corresponding to the simulated tissue pressure due to the uptake and elimination of inert gases at the working depth pressure in a single simulated tissue having an uptake time constant and a different elimination time constant;
- and
- c. display means for receiving the tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio and also displaying the amount of time required at the decompression stop depth before the diver may safely ascend to the surface if the surface can be reached without additional decompression stops.
1 more element
A decompression plane device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal corresponding thereto;
- b. computing means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and for computing an electrical output signal corresponding to the simulated tissue pressure due to the uptake and elimination of inert gases at the working depth pressure in a single simulated tissue having an uptake time constant and a different elimination time constant;
- c. display means for receiving the tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio;
- and
- d. means for comparing the tissue pressure signal and the working depth pressure signal and for indicating a warning if the tissue pressure signal is greater than a chosen supersaturation ratio times the working depth pressure signal.
2 more elements
A decompression plane device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. computing means for receiving a working depth pressure signal and for computing an electrical output signal corresponding to the simulated tissue pressure due to the uptake and elimination of inert gases at the working depth pressure in a single simulated tissue having an uptake time constant and a different elimination time constant;
- b. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for producing an electrical signal proportional to the expected working depth pressure of a dive and for providing such signal to said computing means, and also including time at working depth control means for controlling said computing means to compute the simulated tissue pressure signal for a period of time corresponding to a chosen expected time at the working depth;
- and
- c. display means for receiving the tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio.
1 more element
A decompression plane device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal P.sub.w corresponding thereto;
- b. computing means for receiving the working depth pressure signal P.sub.w and a signal p.sub.i corresponding to the initial tissue pressure, and for computing a signal P.sub.ei corresponding to the tissue pressure according to the equation
- P.sub.ei = T.sub.u .intg. (P.sub.w - P.sub.ei) dt + P.sub.i
- when the working depth pressure P.sub.w is greater than the tissue pressure P.sub.ei, and according to the equation
- P.sub.ei = T.sub.e .intg. (P.sub.w - P.sub.ei) dt + P.sub.i
- when the working depth pressure is less than the tissue pressure P.sub.ei, wherein T.sub.u is a chosen time constant of uptake and T.sub.e is a chosen time constant of elimination of inert gas and T.sub.u and T.sub.e are not equal;
- and
- c. display means for receiving the tissue pressure signal and for displaying a safe decompression stop depth corresponding to the tissue pressure signal and to a chosen supersaturation ratio.
5 more elements
A decompression plan device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal corresponding thereto;
- b. computing means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and computing an electrical output signal corresponding to the simulated tissue pressure due to the uptake and elimination of inert gases at the working depth pressure in a single simulated tissue having an uptake time constant and a different elimination time constant;
- c. means for providing a signal corresponding to the initial tissue pressure of a diver and for combining the initial tissue pressure signal with the output signal of said computing means, with the combined signal corresponding to the diver's simulated tissue pressure;
- and
- d. means for comparing the tissue pressure signal and the working depth pressure signal and for indicating a warning if the tissue pressure signal is greater than a chosen super-saturation ratio times the working depth pressure signal.
2 more elements
A decompression plan device for an underwater diver comprising:
- a. pressure monitor means for sensing the ambient working depth pressure of a diver and for providing an electrical signal corresponding thereto;
- b. integrator means having input and output terminals for providing a simulated tissue pressure output signal at the output terminal thereof that is the time integral of the signal provided to the input terminal thereof;
- c. circuit means for receiving the working depth pressure signal and the simulated tissue pressure signal from the output of said integrator means, and including
- 1. first circuit means for providing a signal to said integrator means input terminal equal to a chosen uptake time constant times the difference of the working depth pressure signal minus the simulated tissue pressure signal when the working depth pressure signal is greater than the tissue pressure signal;
- and
- 2. second circuit means for providing a signal to said integrator means input terminal equal to a chosen elimination time constant times the difference of the working depth pressure signal minus the simulated tissue pressure signal when the working depth pressure signal is less than the tissue pressure signal;
- and
- d. means for comparing the tissue pressure signal and the working depth pressure signal and for indicating a warning if the tissue pressure signal is greater than a chosen super-saturation ratio times the working depth pressure signal.
5 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.