Monomeric emulsion stabilizers derived from alkyl/alkenyl succinic anhydride

A compound having the formula ##STR8## wherein Z is an ethylenically unsaturated radical selected from the group consisting of acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, acrylamido, methacrylamido, vinyloxy, allyloxy, methallyloxy, vinylacetoxy, allylacetoxy, methallylacetoxy, 4-hydroxymaleoyloxy, 4-hydroxyfumaroyloxy, 4-hydroxymaleoylamino, 4-hydroxyfumaroylamino, 4-hydroxycitraconyloxy, 4-hydroxycitraconylamino, 4-hydroxyitaconyloxy or 4-hydroxyitaconylamino;

• R' and R" are independently selected from the group of ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, 2-hydroxypropylene, acetoxypropylene or --O--CH.sub.2 --CHR.sub.4 (O--CH.sub.2 --CHR.sub.4).sub.n where n is zero to 4;
• a = 0 or 1, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that a is zero where Z is vinylacetoxy, allylacetoxy, or methallylacetoxy and a is 1 otherwise;
• R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, benzyl, R.sub.5 --O--CO--CH.sub.2 -- and R.sub.5 --NH--CO--CH.sub.2 -- where R.sub.5 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
• R.sub.3 is lipophilic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from about 7 to about 28 carbon atoms;
• and
• X.sup.- is halide, alkyl sulfate wherein the alkyl moiety has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or toluene sulfonate.