Durable flame retardant finishes for textile materials

An emulsion concentrate comprising:

• a. as the sole active flame retardant from about 66 percent to about 78.5 percent of a flame retardant compound of the formula ##STR11## wherein each X is independently selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl, halogenated hydroxyalkyl, and (YO).sub.n H groups, wherein said hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms per group, wherein said halogenated hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms per group, said halogen atoms being selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein Y is an alkyl or monohalogenated alkyl group, said monohalogenated alkyl group having a halogen atom selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and mixtures thereof;
• b. from about 13.2 percent to about 15.7 percent of a substantially water immiscible organic solvent characterized by having a flash point of at least 80.degree. F. and a boiling point within the range of from about 300.degree. to about 350.degree. F.;
• and
• c. from about 13.2 percent to about 15.7 percent of an emulsifying agent possessing a hydrophile lipophile balance value of from 10 to about 14.

An emulsion comprising:

• a. as the sole active flame retardant from about 45 percent of about 55 percent of a flame retardant compound of the formula ##STR12## wherein each X is independently selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroalkyl, halogenated hydroxyalkyl, and (YO).sub.n H groups, wherein said hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms per group, wherein said halogenated hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms per group, said halogen atoms being selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein Y is an alkyl or monohalogenated alkyl group, said monohalogenated alkyl group having a halogen atom selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and mixtures thereof;
• b. from about 9 percent to about 11 percent of a substantially water immiscible organic solvent characterized by having a flash point of at least 80.degree. F. and a boiling point within the range of from about 300.degree. to about 350.degree. F.;
• c. from about 9 percent to about 11 percent of an emulsifying agent possessing a hydrophile lipophile balance of from about 10 to about 14;
• and
• d. from about 27 percent to about 33 percent of water.

An intermediate flame retardant composition containing:

• a. from about 19.6 percent to about 26.6 percent of a flame retardant compound of the formula ##STR13## wherein each X is independently selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl, halogenated hydroxyalkyl, and (YO).sub.n H groups, wherein said hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms per group, wherein said halogenated hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms per group, said halogen atoms being selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein Y is an alkyl or monohalogenated alkyl group, said monohalogenated alkyl group having a halogen atom selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20;
• and mixtures thereof;
• b. from about 3.9 percent to about 5.1 percent of a substantially water immiscible organic solvent characterized by having a flash point of at least 80.degree. F. and a boiling point within the range of from about 300.degree. to about 350.degree. F.
• c. from about 3.9 percent to about 5.1 percent of an emulsifying agent possessing a hydrophile lipophile balance value of from about 10 to about 14;
• d. from about 32.7 percent to about 44.3 percent of a water soluble quaternary phosphonium salt selected from the group consisting of tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium and tetrakis (methylhydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts;
• and
• e. from about 25 percent to about 33.8 percent of water.

A flame retardant textile finish containing

• a. from about 15 percent to about 35 percent of a flame retardant compound of the formula ##STR14## wherein each X is independently selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl, halogenated hydroxyalkyl, and (YO).sub.n H groups, wherein said hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms per group, wherein said halogenated hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms per group, said halogen atoms being selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein Y is an alkyl or monohalogenated alkyl group, said monohalogenated alkyl group having a halogen atom selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and mixtures thereof;
• b. from about 0.5 percent to about 10 percent of an emulsifying agent which is capable of passing the following three tests:
• (1) Solubility (Compatability) Test:
• said emulsifying agent (20 parts by weight) must be soluble in 80 parts of weight of said flame retardant compound at no more than 80.degree. C.;
• (2) Shelf Life Test:
• a blend of said emulsifying agent and said flame retardant compound prepared as in the Solubility Test must remain in one clear homogeneous phase at 22.degree. C. for at least one hour;
• (3) Finish Formulation Test:
• a flame retardant finish within the scope of this invention is prepared and must remain in one homogeneous phase for a minimum of one hour at 20.degree. C.;
• c. from about 25 percent to about 45 percent of a water soluble quaternary phosphonium salt selected from the group consisting of tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium and tetrakis (methylhydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts;
• d. from about 9 percent to about 16 percent of a water soluble organic nitrogen containing compound selected from the group consisting of ##STR15## wherein each G is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxymethyl, alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, amino, and cyano;
• X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, .dbd.NH, and .dbd.NC.tbd.N;
• m is an integer from 0 to 1;
• n is an integer from 1 to 2 with the provision that m + n equals 2;
• a is an integer from 2 to 3;
• each Y independently is --NHG wherein G is defined above;
• and Z is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydroxyl;
• and
• e. from about 20 percent to about 32 percent of water.

An emulsion concentrate comprising:

• a. as the sole active flame retardant from about 70 percent to about 97 percent of a flame retardant compound of the formula ##STR17## wherein each X is independently selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl, halogenated hydroxyalkyl, and (YO).sub.n H groups, wherein said hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms per group, wherein said halogenated hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms per group, said halogen atoms being selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein Y is an alkyl or monohalogenated alkyl group, said monohalogenated alkyl group having a halogen atom selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and mixtures thereof;
• b. from about 3 percent to about 30 percent of an emulsifying agent which is capable of passing the following three tests:
• (1) Solubility (Compatability) Test:
• said emulsifying agent (20 parts by weight) must be soluble in 80 parts by weight of the flame retardant compound at no more than 80.degree. C.;
• (2) Shelf Life Test:
• a blend of said emulsifying agent and said flame retardant compound prepared as in the Solubility Test must remain in one clear homogeneous phase at 22.degree. C. for at least 1 hour;
• (3) Finish Formulation Test:
• a flame retardant finish within the scope of this invention is prepared and must remain in one homogeneous phase for a minimum of 1 hour at 20.degree. C.

An emulsion comprising:

• a. as the sole active flame retardant from about 8 percent to about 50 percent of a flame retardant compound of the formula ##STR18## wherein each X is independently selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl, halogenated hydroxyalkyl, and (YO).sub.n H groups, wherein said hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms per group, wherein said halogenated hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms per group, said halogen atoms being selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein Y is an alkyl or monohalogenated alkyl group, said monohalogenated alkyl group having a halogen atom selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and mixtures thereof;
• b. from about 0.2 percent to about 22 percent of an emulsifying agent which is capable of passing the following three tests:
• (1) Solubility (Compatability) Test:
• said emulsifying agent (20 parts by weight) must be soluble in 80 parts by weight of the flame retardant compound at no more than 80.degree. C.;
• (2) Shelf Life Test:
• a blend of said emulsifying agent and said flame retardant compound prepared as in the Solubility Test must remain in one clear homogeneous phase at 22.degree. C. for at least 1 hour;
• (3) Finish Formulation Test:
• a flame retardant finish within the scope of this invention is prepared and must remain in one homogeneous phase for a minimum of 1 hour at 20.degree. C.;
• and
• c. from about 28 percent to about 92 percent of water.

An intermediate flame retardant composition comprising:

• a. from about 20 percent to about 38 percent of a flame retardant compound of the formula ##STR19## wherein each X is independently selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl, halogenated hydroxyalkyl, and (YO).sub.n H groups, wherein said hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms per group, wherein said halogenated hydroxyalkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms per group, said halogen atoms being selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein Y is an alkyl or monohalogenated alkyl group, said monohalogenated alkyl group having a halogen atom selected from chlorine or bromine, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and mixtures thereof;
• b. from about 0.5 percent to about 12 percent of an emulsifying agent which is capable of passing the following three tests:
• (1) Solubility (Compatability) Test:
• said emulsifying agent (20 parts by weight) must be soluble in 80 parts by weight of the flame retardant compound at no more than 80.degree. C.;
• (2) Shelf Life Test:
• a blend of said emulsifying agent and said flame retardant compound prepared as in the Solubility Test must remain in one clear homogeneous phase at 22.degree. C. for at least 1 hour;
• (3) Finish Formulation Test:
• a flame retardant finish within the scope of this invention is prepared and must remain in one homogeneous phase for a minimum of 1 hour at 20.degree. C.;
• c. from about 34 percent to about 47 percent of a water soluble quaternary phosphonium salt selected from the group consisting of tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium and tetrakis (methylhydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts;
• and
• d. from about 20 percent to about 33 percent of water.