Oligomerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons with acid catalysts
AssigneeInstitut Francais du Petrole
InventorsBernard Torck, Georges Vidouta, Peirre Pariot, Michel Hellin
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
For polymerizing unsaturated hydrocarbons into oligomers with acid catalysts, there are employed liquid catalyst compositions containing a Bronsted acid and a sulfone of formula R--SO.sub.2 --R', wherein R and R' are each separately a monovalent radical containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or form together a divalent radical having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, the acid concentration being at least 10.sup.-.sup.5 moles per liter of sulfone and at most the saturation concentration without exceeding 5 moles per liter of sulfone. The catalysts may be dispersed in an inert hydrocarbon solvent and Lewis acids may also be added.
Claims14
A process for the oligomerization of a mono alpha-ethylenically unsaturated lower aliphatic hydrocarbon to predominantly dimers and trimers thereof which comprises oligomerizing the unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a liquid catalyst consisting essentially of:
- a. a catalytic amount of a Bronsted acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid;
- fluorosulfuric acid;
- a sulfonic acid of the formula R--SO.sub.3 H wherein R is alkyl, aromatic, halogenated alkyl or halogenated aromatic;
- HF;
- an acid of the formula
- X.sub.n PO.sub.2 H(OR.sub.1).sub.2-n
- wherein X is a halogen, R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and n is selected from 0, 1 and 2;
- and an acid of the formula:
- CX.sub.n H.sub.3-n COOH
- wherein X is a halogen and n is selected from 0, 1, 2 and 3, and
- b. a sulfone of formula R"--SO.sub.2 --R', wherein R' and R", taken separately, are hydrocarbon monovalent radicals containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or, taken together, form a hydrocarbon divalent radical containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, the acid catalyst concentration being between 10.sup..sup.-5 moles per liter of sulfone and the concentration corresponding to the saturation, without exceeding 5 moles per liter, said liquid catalyst being a liquid phase distinct from the hydrocarbon phase.
A process for the oligomerization of a mono alpha-ethylenically unsaturated lower aliphatic hydrocarbon to predominantly dimers and trimers thereof which comprises oligomerizing the unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a liquid catalyst consisting essentially of catalytic quantities of:
- a. a Lewis acid;
- and
- b. a co-catalyst selected from the group consisting of water;
- sulfuric acid;
- fluorosulfuric acid;
- a sulfonic acid of the formula R-SO.sub.3 H wherein R is alkyl, aromatic, halogenated alkyl or halogenated aromatic;
- a hydrogen halide;
- an acid of the formula:
- X.sub.n PO.sub.2 H(OR.sub.1).sub.2-n
- wherein X is a halogen, R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and n is selected from 0, 1 and 2;
- and an acid of the formula:
- CX.sub.n H.sub.3-n COOH
- wherein X is a halogen and n is selected from 0, 1, 2 and 3, the molar ratio between the Lewis acid and the co-catalyst being 0.1 :
- 1 to 10 :
- 1, respectively, and
- c. a sulfone of formula R"-SO.sub.2 -R', wherein R" and R', taken separately, are hydrocarbon monovalent radicals containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or taken together, form a hydrocarbon divalent radical containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, the acid catalyst concentration being between 10.sup..sup.-5 moles per liter of sulfone and the concentration corresponding to the saturation, without exceeding 5 moles per liter, said liquid catalyst being a liquid phase distinct from the hydrocarbon phase.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.