Synthesis of higher polyol fatty acid polyesters
AssigneeThe Procter & Gamble Company
InventorsGeorge Peter Rizzi, Harry Madison Taylor
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Abstract
A solvent-free transesterification comprising the steps of (1) heating a mixture of a polyol, a fatty acid lower alkyl ester, an alkali metal fatty acid soap, and a basic catalyst to form a homogenous melt; and (2) subsequently adding to the reaction product of step (1) excess fatty acid lower alkyl esters yields polyol fatty acid polyesters.
Claims13
A solvent-free, low temperature process for synthesizing polyol fatty acid polyesters consisting essentially of:
- 1. Heating a mixture of a polyol selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides and sugar alcohols, a fatty acid C.sub.1-2 alkyl ester, an alkali metal fatty acid soap, and a basic catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alloys of alkali metals, alkali metal hydrides and alkali metal alkoxides to a temperature of from about 110.degree.C to about 180.degree.C at a pressure of from about 0.1 mm of Hg to about 760 mm of Hg to form a homogenous melt of partially esterified polyol and unreacted starting materials;
- 2. Under the conditions of Step (1) adding excess fatty acid lower alkyl esters to the reaction product of Step (1) to form the polyol fatty acid polyester;
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- 3. Separating the polyol fatty acid polyester from the reaction product of Step (2).
A solvent-free, low temperature process for synthesizing polyol fatty acid polyesters consisting essentially of:
- 1. Heating a mixture comprising (i) from about 10% to about 50% by weight of a polyol selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides and sugar alcohols, (ii) from about 40% to about 80% by weight of fatty acid C.sub.1-2 alkyl esters, (iii) from about 1% to about 30% by weight of an alkali metal fatty acid soap, and (iv) from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of a basic catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alloy of two or more alkali metals, alkali metal alkoxides, and alkali metal hydrides to a temperature from about 110.degree.C to about 180.degree.C at a pressure of from about 0.1 mm of Hg to about 760 mm of Hg to form a homogenous melt of partially esterified polyol and unreacted starting materials;
- 2. Under the conditions of Step (1) adding excess fatty acid C.sub.1-2 alkyl esters to the reaction product of Step (1) to form the polyol fatty acid polyester;
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- 3. Separating the polyol fatty acid polyester from the reaction product of Step (2.).
A solvent-free, low temperature process for synthesizing poly fatty polyesters consisting essentially of:
- 1. Heating a mixture of a fatty acid C.sub.1-2 alkyl ester and an alkali metal hydroxide to a temperature of from about 100.degree.C to about 140.degree.C under atmospheric pressure to form an emulsion comprising from about 5% to about 30%, by weight, of the corresponding alkali metal fatty acid soap and C.sub.1-2 alkyl ester;
- 2. Adding to the reaction product of Step (1) from about 10% to about 50% by weight of a polyol and from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of a basic catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alloys of two or more alkali metals, alkali metal alkoxides, and alkali metal hydrides to form a heterogenous mixture;
- 3. Heating the heterogenous mixture formed in Step (2) to a temperature of from about 110.degree.C to about 180.degree.C under a pressure of from about 0.1 mm Hg to about 760 mm Hg to form a homogeneous melt of partially esterified polyol and unreacted starting materials;
- 4. Under the conditions of Step (3), adding excess fatty acid C.sub.1-2 alkyl esters to the reaction product ot Step ( 3) to form the polyol fatty acid polyester;
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- 5. Separating the polyol fatty acid polyester from the reaction mixture.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.