Fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine
AssigneeCummins Engine Company, Inc.
InventorJulius P. Perr
Life of this patent
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Abstract
This disclosure deals with a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine, the supply system including injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers of the engine, and hydraulic means for adjusting the timing of injection. In one form of the invention, a pump-distributor assembly supplies fuel sequentially to a plurality of injectors, and the hydraulic timing adjustment forms part of the assembly. In another form of the invention, the hydraulic timing adjustment is included in the injectors. The hydraulic timing adjustment responds to parameters of the engine, such as load and/or speed, for varying or holding constant the time of initiation of injection, and is quickly responsive to changes in the parameters.
Claims31
Fuel supply apparatus for controlling the time of injection of fuel in a compression-ignition engine, comprising a housing, a charge chamber and a timing chamber formed in said housing, said chambers being in pressure communication, a timing piston reciprocably mounted in said charge chamber and separating said charge and timing chambers, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said housing and movable in said timing chamber, charge fuel flow passage means in said housing for supplying charge fuel to said charge chamber, timing fluid flow passage means in said housing for supplying timing fluid to said timing chamber, variable means for supplying timing fluid to said timing fluid flow passage means, said variable means being variable through a plurality of steps to vary the pressure of said timing fluid, the quantity of said timing fluid flowing into said timing chamber being a function of the pressure of the timing fluid and said quantity forming a hydraulic link between said plunger and said piston, a fuel outlet passage from said charge chamber, said plunger being movable in an injection stroke to move said link and said timing piston through said charge chamber and thereby force said charge fuel out of said charge chamber through said outlet passage, and means for automatically releasing the pressure of said timing fluid in said timing chamber after each injection stroke.
Fuel supply apparatus for controlling the time of injection of fuel in a compression-ignition engine, comprising a housing, a charge chamber and a timing chamber formed in said housing, said chambers being in fuel flow communication, a timing piston reciprocably mounted in said charge chamber and separating said charge and timing chambers, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said housing and movable in said timing chamber, charge fuel flow passage means in said housing for supplying charge fuel to said charge chamber, timing fluid flow passage means in said housing for supplying timing fluid to said timing chamber, the quantity of fluid flowing into said timing chamber being a function of the pressure of the timing fluid and said quantity forming a hydraulic link between said plunger and said piston, and a fuel outlet passage from said charge chamber, said plunger being movable in an injection stroke to move said link and said timing piston through said charge chamber and thereby force said charge fuel out of said charge chamber through said outlet passage, and means for spilling fluid from said timing chamber at approximately the end of each injection stroke, said fluid in said timing chamber being replenished after each injection stroke.
Fuel supply apparatus for controlling the time of injection of fuel in a compression-ignition engine, comprising a housing, a charge chamber and a timing chamber formed in said housing, said chambers being in fuel flow communication, a timing piston reciprocably mounted in said charge chamber and separating said charge and timing chambers, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said housing and movable in said timing chamber, charge fuel flow passage means in said housing for supplying charge fuel to said charge chamber, timing fluid flow passage means in said housing for supplying timing fluid to said timing chamber, the quantity of fluid flowing into said timing chamber being a function of the pressure of the timing fluid and said quantity forming a hydraulic link between said plunger and said piston, and a fuel outlet passage from said charge chamber, said plunger being movable in an injection stroke to move said link and said timing piston through said charge chamber and thereby force said charge fuel out of said charge chamber through said outlet passage, and a spill passage formed in said housing and leading to said timing chamber, said spill passage normally being closed but being opened by movement of said timing piston at approximately the end of each injection stroke, thereby spilling said fluid and terminating injection.
Fuel supply apparatus for controlling the time of injection of fuel in a compression-ignition engine, comprising a housing, a charge chamber and a timing chamber formed in said housing, said chambers being in fuel flow communication, a timing piston reciprocably mounted in said charge chamber and separating said charge and timing chambers, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said housing and movable in said timing chamber, charge fuel flow passage means in said housing for supplying charge fuel to said charge chamber, timing fluid flow passage means in said housing for supplying timing fluid to said timing chamber, the quantity of fluid flowing into said timing chamber being a function of the pressure of the timing fluid and said quantity forming a hydraulic link between said plunger and said piston, and a fuel outlet passage from said charge chamber, said plunger being movable in an injection stroke to move said link and said timing piston through said charge chamber and thereby force said charge fuel out of said charge chamber through said outlet passage, and a distributor connected to receive fuel flowing from said fuel outlet passage, said distributor being adapted to be connected to a plurality of fuel injectors and to deliver fuel sequentially to said injectors.
Fuel supply apparatus for controlling the time of injection of fuel in a compression-ignition engine, comprising a housing, charge chamber and a timing chamber formed in said housing, said chambers being in fuel flow communication, a timing piston reciprocably mounted in said charge chamber and separating said charge and timing chambers, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said housing and movable in said timing chamber, charge fuel flow passage means in said housing for supplying charge fuel to said charge chamber, timing fluid flow passage means in said housing for supplying timing fluid to said timing chamber, the quantity of fluid flowing into said timing chamber being a function of the pressure of the timing fluid and said quantity forming a hydraulic link between said plunger and said piston, and a fuel outlet passage from said charge chamber, said plunger being movable in an injection stroke to move said link and said timing piston through said charge chamber and thereby force said charge fuel out of said charge chamber through said outlet passage, and fluid pressure control means connected to said timing passage means for adjusting the pressure of said fluid in accordance with at least one engine parameter.
Fuel supply apparatus for pumping fuel in a fuel system of a compression ignition engine, comprising a pump body having a charge chamber and a timing chamber formed therein, a timing piston reciprocably mounted in said charge chamber and separating said charge and timing chambers, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said body and movable in said timing chamber, timing fuel flow passage means in said housing for carrying timing fuel from a variable pressure supply to said timing chamber, said variable pressure supply being responsive to at least one engine operating parameter, charge fuel flow passage means in said body for carrying charge fuel from a fuel supply to said charge chamber, means for reciprocating said plunger in injection and retraction strokes in timed relation with the operation of said engine, the quantity of timing fuel in said timing chamber forming a hydraulic link between said plunger and said piston during said injection stroke, fuel outlet passage means connected to said charge chamber for carrying fuel from said charge chamber during said injection stroke, means for closing said charge and timing passage means during said injection stroke, and means for exhausting fuel from said timing chamber at substantially the end of each injection stroke.
Fuel supply apparatus for a compression-ignition engine, comprising means for pumping fuel from a supply, first regulating means connected to receive pumped fuel and to regulate the pressure of the fuel as a function of engine speed and engine load, a pump body having a charge chamber and a timing chamber formed therein, a timing piston reciprocably mounted in said charge chamber and separating said charge and timing chambers, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said body and movable in said timing chamber, charge fuel flow passage means in said body for carrying charge fuel from said regulating means to said charge chamber, second regulating means responsive to at least one engine operating parameter for supplying timing fuel at a pressure which is a function of said parameters, timing fuel flow passage means in said housing for carrying timing fuel to said timing chamber, means for reciprocating said plunger in injection and retraction strokes in timed relation with the operation of said engine, the quantity of timing fuel in said timing chamber forming a hydraulic link between said plunger and said piston during said injection stroke, fuel outlet passage means connected to said charge chamber for carrying fuel from said charge chamber during said injection stroke, and means for exhausting fuel from said timing chamber at substantially the end of each injection stroke.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.