Coupling process
AssigneeThe Lummus Company
InventorsMaurice E. Brooks, Herbert Riegel, Harvey D. Schindler, Morgan C. Sze
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Process for coupling an alkane to either an alkane, alkene, aliphatic carboxylic acid, or aromatic hydrocarbon by effecting contacting thereof and a melt containing a multivalent metal halide in both its higher and lower valence state. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the contacting is effected in the presence of an oxygen containing gas or the melt is previously contacted with an oxygen containing gas to produce the corresponding oxyhalide of the metal, whereby the reaction may be effected on a continuous basis.
Claims24
A process for coupling an alkane having no more than nine carbon atoms with an alkanoic acid having no more than five carbon atoms, comprising:
- contacting the alkane and the alkanoic acid, both in the vapor phase, with a molten mixture comprising the higher and lower valent forms of a multivalent metal halide selected from the group consisting of the chlorides, iodides, and bromides of copper, manganese, iron, cobalt and chromium, said higher valent metal halide being present in an amount of at least 3 weight percent, said contacting being effected at a temperature from about 500.degree. F. to about 1200.degree. F. to produce a coupled compound which is the alkenyl ester of the alkanoic acid having a number of carbon atoms corresponding to the total number of carbon atoms in said alkane and said alkanoic acid.
A process for coupling an alkane having no more than nine carbon atoms with an alkanoic acid having no more than five carbon atoms, comprising:
- contacting oxygen, the alkane and the alkanoic acid, both in the vapor phase, with a molten mixture comprising the higher and lower valent forms of a multivalent metal halide selected from the group consisting of the chlorides, iodides, and bromides of copper, manganese, iron, cobalt and chromium, said higher valent halide being present in an amount of at least 3 wt. %, said contacting being effected at a temperature from about 500.degree. to about 1200.degree. F. to produce a coupled compound which is the alkenyl ester of the alkanoic acid having a number of carbon atoms corresponding to the total number of carbon atoms in said alkane and said alkanoic acid.
A process for coupling an alkane having no more than nine carbon atoms with an alkanoic acid having no more than five carbon atoms, comprising:
- contacting the alkane and the alkanoic acid, both in the vapor phase, with a molten mixture comprising the higher and lower valent forms of a multivalent metal halide and the oxyhalide of said multivalent metal wherein said halide is selected from the group consisting of the chlorides, iodides, and bromides and said multivalent metal is selected from the group consisting of copper, manganese, iron, cobalt, and chromium, said higher valent halide being present in an amount of at least 3 weight percent, said contacting being effected at a temperature from about 500.degree. to about 1200.degree. F. to produce a coupled compound which is the alkenyl ester of the alkanoic acid having a number of carbon atoms corresponding to the total number of carbon atoms in said alkane and said alkanoic acid.
A process for coupling an alkane having no more than nine carbon atoms with an alkanoic acid having no more than five carbon atoms, comprising:
- contacting the alkane and the alkanoic acid, both in the vapor phase, with a molten mixture consisting essentially of the higher and lower valent forms of a multivalent metal halide selected from the group consisting of the chlorides, iodides, and bromides of copper, manganese, iron, cobalt and chromium, said higher valent halide being present in an amount of at least 3 weight percent, said contacting being effected at a temperature from about 500.degree. to about 1200.degree. F. to produce a coupled compound which is the alkenyl ester of the alkanoic acid having a number of carbon atoms corresponding to the total number of carbon atoms in said alkane and said alkanoic acid.
A process for coupling an alkane having no more than nine carbon atoms with an alkanoic acid having no more than five carbon atoms, comprising:
- contacting oxygen, the alkane and the alkanoic acid, both in the vapor phase, with a molten mixture consisting essentially of the higher and lower valent forms of a multivalent metal halide selected from the group consisting of the chlorides, iodides, and bromides of copper, manganese, iron, cobalt and chromium, said higher valent halide being present in an amount of at least 3 weight percent, said contacting being effected at a temperature from about 500.degree. to about 1200.degree. F. to produce a coupled compound which is the alkenyl ester of the alkanoic acid having a number of carbon atoms corresponding to the total number of carbon atoms in said alkane and said alkanoic acid.
A process for coupling an alkane having no more than nine carbon atoms with an alkanoic acid having no more than five carbon atoms, comprising:
- contacting the alkane and the alkanoic acid, both in the vapor phase with a molten mixture consisting essentially of the higher and lower valent forms of a multivalent metal halide and the oxyhalide of said multivalent metal wherein said halide is selected from the group consisting of the chlorides, iodides, and bromides and said multivalent metal is selected from the group consisting of copper, manganese, iron, cobalt and chromium, said higher valent halide being present in an amount of at least 3 weight percent, said contacting being effected at a temperature from about 500.degree. to about 1200.degree. F. to produce a coupled compound which is the alkenyl ester of the alkanoic acid having a number of carbon atoms corresponding to the total number of carbon atoms in said alkane and said alkanoic acid.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.