Manufacturable topological optimization of metallization for increased durability of photovoltaic (pv) molecules against extreme weather events

A computer system comprising:

• a hardware processor;
• and
• a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions that when executed by the hardware processor perform a method to topologically optimize metallization used in solar cells, the method comprising:
• modeling a solar cell using a steady-state current conservation equation;
• determining a maximum current density for the solar cell being modeled under a predetermined illumination arrangement;
• extracting a photocurrent density and a dark density from an experimental measurement of a reference solar cell as a function of voltage;
• and
• generating a metallization that is topologically optimized based the photocurrent density and a dark density that is extracted and the maximum current density that is determined.