A switch mode electrical power converter

A switch mode electrical power converter, comprising:

• a primary port including at least one primary capacitance in parallel;
• a secondary port including at least one secondary capacitance in parallel;
• at least one primary power switch;
• at least one secondary power switch;
• and
• a transformer or autotransformer operable to connect the primary port with the secondary port through the primary power switch and the secondary power switch;
• a mean voltage of the transformer or autotransformer being zero in a steady state, and
• a secondary winding of the transformer or autotransformer being configured to inject a secondary electric current to the secondary port through the at least one secondary power switch;
• wherein:
• the primary power switch and the at least one secondary power switch are configured to conduct simultaneously to transfer energy directly from the primary port to the secondary port through the transformer or autotransformer;
• the switch mode electrical power converter further comprises at least one third port including at least one third capacitance in parallel, and at least one third power switch;
• and
• the at least one primary power switch, the at least one secondary power switch and the at least one third power switch are configured to apply a specific voltage waveform to a primary winding of the transformer or autotransformer, the voltage waveform following:
• a) a voltage, termed vrise, being higher than a voltage in the primary port, to produce a positive derivative of the secondary electric current during a first interval,
• b) a voltage, termed vtransfer, being equal to the voltage in the primary port, to transfer energy directly from the primary port to the secondary port during a second interval, a duty cycle being the addition of the first interval plus the second interval, and
• c) a negative voltage −vdemag, to produce a negative derivative of the secondary electric current and to demagnetize the transformer or autotransformer during a third interval, which is referred to as 1 minus the duty cycle,
• wherein the secondary port further comprises a load connected thereto, the first interval and the duty cycle being configured to adjust the mean value of the secondary electric current to a load current, and to adjust a voltage of the third port, according to the following equation:
• d
• ⁢
• (
• v
• transfer
• +
• v
• demag
• )
• =
• v
• demag
• -
• θ
• ·
• (
• v
• rise
• -
• v
• transfer
• )
• ,
• where
• :
• v
• rise
• =
• f
• ⁡
• (
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 1
• ,
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 3
• ,
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 2
• )
• v
• transfer
• =
• g
• ⁡
• (
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 1
• ,
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 3
• ,
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 2
• )
• v
• demag
• =
• h
• ⁡
• (
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 1
• ,
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 3
• ,
• v
• port
• ⁢
• 2
• )
• .