State-of-charge estimation using embeddable distributed electro-thermal models

A system (900) comprising:

• one or more processors (902);
• a state of charge (SoC) estimation module (906) coupled to the one or more processors;
• one or more sensors (908) coupled to the one or more processors;
• and
• memory (904) coupled to the one or more processors, the memory storing thereon computer executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
• generating, by a distributed electrical model module (910) of the SoC estimation module, a distributed electrical model (804) of a cell of a lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery (104), the cell being a parent cell and the Li-Ion battery including a plurality of child cells packaged with the parent cell in a pack;
• generating, by a distributed thermal model module (912) of the SoC estimation module, a distributed thermal model (808) of the cell;
• applying corrections (806), by a correction algorithm module (914), to a localized state of charge (SoC) of each equivalent circuit network (ECN) of a plurality of ECNs of the cell calculated in the distributed electrical model and to a localized temperature of each of the plurality of ECNs calculated in the distributed thermal model;
• refining (416, 514) the SoCs of the plurality of ECNs by feeding the corrected localized SoCs and the corrected localized temperatures back to the distributed electrical model and the distributed thermal model;
• generating (806) an SoC estimation of the cell based on the refined SoCs;
• calculating (806) a child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells by applying calculated parameters associated with the SoC estimation of the parent cell to a general cell distribution model;
• applying (812) correction to the child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells by applying a correction algorithm to the child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells;
• and
• generating (812) a child SoC estimation of each child cell of the plurality of child cells based on the corrected child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells.

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing thereon computer executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:

• generating a distributed electrical model (804) of a cell (102) of a lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery (104), the cell being a parent cell and the Li-Ion battery including a plurality of child cells packaged with the parent cell in a pack;
• generating a distributed thermal model (708) of the cell;
• applying corrections (806) to a localized state of charge (SoC) of each equivalent circuit network (ECN) of a plurality of ECNs of the cell calculated in the distributed electrical model and to a localized temperature of each of the plurality of ECNs calculated in the distributed thermal model;
• refining (416, 514) the SoC s of the plurality of ECNs by feeding the corrected localized SoCs and the corrected localized temperatures back to the distributed electrical model and the distributed thermal model;
• generating (806) an SoC estimation of the cell based on the refined SoCs;
• calculating (806) a child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells by applying calculated parameters associated with the SoC estimation of the parent cell to a general cell distribution model;
• applying (812) correction to the child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells by applying a correction algorithm to the child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells;
• and
• generating (812) a child SoC estimation of each child cell of the plurality of child cells based on the corrected child cell SoC of each of the plurality of child cells.