ETRS-Based Biosensing Method and System

An ETRS-based biosensing system, comprising:

• a biosensing module configured to sense one or more target bioanalytes and generate a time-domain sensing signal corresponding to concentrations of the one or more target bioanalytes;
• a signal generator coupled to the biosensing module and configured to generate a stimulating signal for application to the biosensing module, and further configured to co-scan a frequency and an amplitude of the stimulating signal over an operating frequency range and an operating amplitude range, respectively, such that the biosensing module is stimulated under a plurality of frequency-amplitude combinations;
• and
• a data processor coupled to the biosensing module and configured to receive and process the time-domain sensing signal to estimate the concentrations of the one or more target bioanalytes;
• wherein the data processor is implemented with one or more artificial neural networks and is configured to:
• receive the time-domain sensing signal from the biosensing module in response to the plurality of frequency-amplitude combinations of the stimulating signal;
• transform the time-domain sensing signal into a frequency-domain sensing signal;
• analyze, using the one or more artificial neural networks and an ETRS approach, both the time-domain sensing signal and the frequency-domain sensing signal to identify one or more optimal stimulation conditions, each optimal stimulation condition including an operating frequency and an operating amplitude associated with a respective target bioanalyte;
• extract one or more resonance characteristics of the biosensing module from the time-domain sensing signal and the frequency-domain sensing signal, the one or more resonance characteristics;
• and
• estimate the concentrations of the one or more target bioanalytes based on the one or more identified optimal stimulation conditions and the one or more resonance characteristics.